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Journal Article

Citation

Bannister G, Amirfeyz R, Kelley S, Gargan M. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 2009; 91(7): 845-850.

Affiliation

Department of Orthopaedics Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK. gordon-bannister@tiscali.co.uk

Copyright

(Copyright © 2009, British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery)

DOI

10.1302/0301-620X.91B7.22639

PMID

19567844

Abstract

This review discusses the causes, outcome and prevention of whiplash injury, which costs the economy of the United Kingdom approximately pound 3.64 billion per annum. Most cases occur as the result of rear-end vehicle collisions at speeds of less than 14 mph. Patients present with neck pain and stiffness, occipital headache, thoracolumbar back pain and upper-limb pain and paraesthesia. Over 66% make a full recovery and 2% are permanently disabled. The outcome can be predicted in 70% after three months.


Language: en

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