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Journal Article

Citation

Hammer W. Safety Sci. 1994; 17(2): 117-143.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1994, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Data about accidents were analysed to define cumulations of accidents, to gain information on causal factors and to find real starting points for safety measures. For these retrospective risk analyses logistic regression analyses were applied. They provide mathematical models to quantify the multiple influence of main effects and interactions on the number and severity of accidents. The scope selected for study comprises 27% of all accidents occurring on farms and has these fractions: 78% walking, 2% running, 12% carrying, 5% pushing and 3% drawing.Among the light injuries contusions, distortions and ruptures prevail. Fractures amount to 76% of all heavy accidents. Men most often break their shanks, women their forearms.The results were quantified by the number of accidents per number of engaged persons. Women meet with more accidents than men. The risk is highest for the youngest and the oldest age groups, especially for senior women. It increases with volume of work per worker and thus with farm size. Accumulations of accidents were found when walking on snow or ice and on paved surface in the farmstead, in buildings and during animal husbandry work rather than on natural soil. Most frequently slip resistance is inadequate. Preventive measures are quoted. Generally, there is no real demand for running during farm work and taking the corresponding risk. Good work organization and conditions should avoid extreme labour peaks, hurry and stress. More light accidents happen to women than to men when carrying loads in buildings, on stairs and during animal husbandry chores. Men, however, endure more heavy accidents. They likely take over the more critical and demanding jobs. Recommended maximum loads are cited depending on frequency of handling, on sex and age of persons. Paved grounds, ice and snow, vehicles and animal husbandry equipment are the most frequent materials connected with accidents while pushing and drawing. Poor slip resistance is the main cause for these operations also.

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