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Journal Article

Citation

Sengul H, Santella N, Steinberg LJ, Cruz AM. Disasters 2012; 36(4): 723-743.

Affiliation

Faculty member in the Department of Environmental Engineering, Hacettepe University, Turkey Chemist/hydrogeologist at Brownfield Science and Technology Inc., United States Dean of the LC Smith College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, United States Consultant and Visiting Professor at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012, John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/j.1467-7717.2012.01272.x

PMID

22329456

Abstract

Natural hazards were the cause of approximately 16,600 hazardous material (hazmat) releases reported to the National Response Center (NRC) between 1990 and 2008-three per cent of all reported hazmat releases. Rain-induced releases were most numerous (26 per cent of the total), followed by those associated with hurricanes (20 per cent), many of which resulted from major episodes in 2005 and 2008. Winds, storms or other weather-related phenomena were responsible for another 25 per cent of hazmat releases. Large releases were most frequently due to major natural disasters. For instance, hurricane-induced releases of petroleum from storage tanks account for a large fraction of the total volume of petroleum released during 'natechs'(understood here as a natural hazard and the hazardous materials release that results). Among the most commonly released chemicals were nitrogen oxides, benzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Three deaths, 52 injuries, and the evacuation of at least 5,000 persons were recorded as a consequence of natech events. Overall, results suggest that the number of natechs increased over the study period (1990-2008) with potential for serious human and environmental impacts.


Language: en

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