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Citation |
Gunnell D, Chang SS, Tsai MK, Tsao CK, Wen CP. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2013; 48(9): 1457-1465. |
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Affiliation |
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, D.J.Gunnell@bristol.ac.uk. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2013, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
23546638 |
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Abstract |
BACKGROUND: Sleep problems may lead to, or be symptomatic of, depression and other mental illnesses yet few studies have investigated their association with suicide risk. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: 393,983 men and women aged 20 or above participating in the MJ health check-up programme. RESULTS: There were 335 suicides over a mean of 7.4 years follow-up. There was a reverse J-shaped association between sleep duration and suicide risk. When compared with those sleeping 6-8 h per night the adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) for suicide associated with 0-4, 4-6 and >8 h sleep were 3.5 (2.0-6.1), 1.5 (1.1-1.9) and 1.5 (1.1-2.0), respectively. People requiring sleeping pills to get to sleep (1.2 % participants) were at over 11-fold increased risk; difficulty falling asleep (11.5 % participants), frequent dreaming (16.7 %) and being easily awoken (30.6 %) were associated with a 2.0-, 1.6- and 1.3-fold increased risk of suicide, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Less than 6 h sleep duration, sleep disturbances and reported use of sleep medicines are markers of suicide risk. Sleep problems should be assessed when evaluating suicide risk. Language: en |