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Journal Article

Citation

Owens DA, Sivak M. Hum. Factors 1996; 38(4): 680-689.

Affiliation

Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604-3003, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1996, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Publisher SAGE Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

8976629

Abstract

Elevated road fatality rates at night involve multiple variables, each of which contributes to an unknown degree. In order to determine the relative contributions of reduced visibility and drivers' consumption of alcohol, we performed two quasi-experiments analyzing data recorded by the U.S. Fatal Accident Reporting System from 1980 through 1990. The results confirmed that both variables play a major role in nighttime road fatalities and revealed new evidence that they contribute differentially to two classes of fatal collisions: Degraded visibility in low illumination is associated primarily with collisions involving pedestrians and pedalcyclists, whereas drivers' consumption of alcohol plays a larger role in other fatal collisions.

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