Citation

Gomez AT, Rao A. Med. Clin. North Am. 2016; 100(2): 371-391.

Affiliation

Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, Sports Medicine Section, Family Medicine, University of Washington, 3800 Montlake Boulevard, Box 354060, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: ashwin@uw.edu.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2016, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.mcna.2015.09.009

PMID

26900120

Abstract

Adventure and extreme sports often involve unpredictable and inhospitable environments, high velocities, and stunts. These activities vary widely and include sports like BASE jumping, snowboarding, kayaking, and surfing. Increasing interest and participation in adventure and extreme sports warrants understanding by clinicians to facilitate prevention, identification, and treatment of injuries unique to each sport. This article covers alpine skiing and snowboarding, skateboarding, surfing, bungee jumping, BASE jumping, and whitewater sports with emphasis on epidemiology, demographics, general injury mechanisms, specific injuries, chronic injuries, fatality data, and prevention. Overall, most injuries are related to overuse, trauma, and environmental or microbial exposure.

Language: en