http://www.safetylit.org/Welcome to SafetyLit, the online source for recent research about injury prevention.Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399861_24The importance of friendship networks and drug sharing is a well-documented feature of marijuana use. Recent studies show an increased role of acquiring marijuana through friends, especially in settings with rather punitive drug policy. This article aims a...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399888_24Well-being can be conceptualized and measured in a number of ways and at multiple ecological and ecocultural levels. At the neighborhood or community level, indices of well-being can be constructed using administrative data such as census measures as well ...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399892_24The present study tested the model minority and inferior minority assumptions by examining the relationship between academic performance and measures of behavioral health in a subsample of 3,008 (22 %) participants in a nationally representative, multicult...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400478_24Risky adolescent behavior represents a significant public health concern, with potential detrimental consequences for youth and society in general. Problem behavior theory suggests that engaging in one type of problem behavior increases the likelihood of o...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400036_24Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an increasing concern among mental health professionals working with youth. The presence of NSSI on the Internet has grown considerably over the last decade. Studies investigating NSSI Internet activities suggest a strong...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400408_24BACKGROUND:Ecological studies support the hypothesis that suicide may be "contagious" (i.e., exposure to suicide may increase the risk of suicide and related outcomes). However, this association has not been adequately assessed in prospective studies. We s...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399866_24[Abstract unavailable]...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400040_24Objectives The aim of this paper is to respond to the commentary of Peter K. Smith, Christina Salmivalli, and Helen Cowie (Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2012), who raise concerns regarding some of the findings of our systematic review and meta-analy...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400421_24PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review was to examine current trends in cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) among youth, and to investigate recent findings concerning the relationship between cannabis use and mental health concerns, with a focu...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400461_24OBJECTIVE To characterize the types of drug and dietary supplement inquiries submitted to the National Center for Drug Free Sport through the Resource Exchange Center (REC). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING United States, from July 2009 through June 2...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400533_24Volume reduction and functional impairment in areas of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been found in borderline personality disorder (BPD), particularly in patients with a history of childhood abuse. These abnormalities may contribute to the expression of...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400041_24Trafficking in children has attracted worldwide attention in the last two decades primarily due to its links with global migratory movements and the role 'transnational organised crime' is perceived to play in these. Internal trafficking is largely ignored...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400485_24CONTEXT: Accurate assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is important for quality patient care. Evaluation of HRQOL typically occurs with patient-self report, but some instruments, such as the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), all...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399900_24Students in class are sometimes torn between following the lesson and engaging in off-task behavior. In this paper, instead of classifying it as a form of deviant behavior, off-task behavior is reconstructed as a manifestation of students multiple motivati...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400043_24Some adolescents who are relationally victimized by gossip and ostracism have limited close connections to a peer or friendship group, but victimization also can be group-based, occurring between or within friendship groups. The purpose of this study was t...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399869_24This study is part of an ethnography focusing on war rape in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo where child soldiers are both victims and perpetrators of violence. Twelve ex-child soldier boys, aged thirteen to eighteen years, from a reintegration facili...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399905_24Objectives This study examines the relationship between delinquent behavior and gang involvement in China. We assess the feasibility of self-report methodology in China and whether established findings in US and European settings on the relationship betwee...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399907_24Objectives Using data from a nationally representative survey of adolescents in Finland this research examined the influence of spending time in public settings on the risk of physical assault and robbery victimization. Methods Binary and multinomial regre...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400375_24AIMS: To test whether (a) drinking motives predict the frequency of predrinking (i.e. alcohol consumption before going out); (b) drinking motives predict HDGE (heavy drinking on a given evening: 4+ for women, 5+ for men) and related adverse consequences (h...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399872_24Much empirical evidence indicates that the popularity of various drugs tends to increase and wane over time producing episodic epidemics of particular drugs. These epidemics mostly affect persons reaching their late teens at the time of the epidemic result...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400377_24AIMS: The objective of this study was to examine brain activity related to visual attention processes in youths who had maintained a binge drinking (BD) pattern of alcohol consumption for >2 years. METHODS: The participants were 57 university students (26 ...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399873_24The present study used quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate contextual factors and motivations associated with emerging adults' electronic aggression victimization and perpetration with friends and dating partners. Participants (N = 226) rep...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400050_24Bullying is a salient challenge for children and schools around the world, appearing to be especially prevalent at the middle-school level. Contemporary research reveals an exigent need for systematic programing that aims to reduce and prevent bullying via...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399913_24Moving past descriptions of the amount and nature of domestic violence, researchers in the area of childhood violence now explore a variety of outcomes of experiences of domestic violence as a child. This includes the effects on various outcomes in adultho...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400459_24PURPOSE: Childhood exposure to violence in one's family of origin has been closely linked to subsequent perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence. There is, however, little research on the relationship between witnessing violence and subs...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399916_24Objectives To determine whether membership in youth gangs provides a unique social forum for violence amplification. This study examines whether gang membership increases the odds of violent offending over and above involvement in general delinquent and cr...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400458_24Rumination is an important cognitive vulnerability for adolescent and adult depression. However, little is known about the aetiological origins of rumination, as well as its association with depression. Adolescent rumination (self-report) and depressive sy...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400058_24This study examined the influence of question type during investigative interviews with victims of child sexual abuse on the number of items of Investigation Relevant Information (IRI) obtained during the interview. Twenty-one police interview transcripts ...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399993_24Masculinity Lockdown is an ethnographic study that analyzes the construction of Black masculinity at Southeast County High School (SCHS) in Southern California. Specifically, the article examines how three young Black males at SCHS navigate amidst a social...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400061_24A small number of scholars have attempted to reorient current thinking about the way cultural effects operate in poor neighborhoods. Scholars argue that socioeconomic disadvantage fosters heterogeneity in cultural models. Moreover, cultural heterogeneity t...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400062_24Internet-based and e-mail surveys represent viable administrative methods for efficiently collecting data. These methods appear to be particularly well-suited for studying college student populations, a group that has gained attention from criminologists i...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399934_24Critical psychological, systemic, and legislative barriers to the successful prosecution of child sex traffickers who exploit U.S. citizens were uncovered during a rapid assessment conducted in a U.S. metropolitan region considered a high intensity child p...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399937_24Religion provides directives for positive moral action and the promotion of human welfare; but religious beliefs can also foster and justify abusive behavior in the context of family life and child rearing. Parents, who are emotionally distraught and canno...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400068_24This article addresses the issue of bullying and analyzes a set of accounts that were collected from fourteen focus group interviews with 90 secondary school children. The aim of the research was to map out the ways in which young adolescents talk about th...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399944_24We describe sibling proactive and reactive aggression in middle and late adolescence. Participants were 8th (n = 303, M age = 13.74 years, SD = .59) and 12th (n = 300, M age = 17.73 years, SD = .56) grade adolescents who completed an in-school survey. Find...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399948_24The Speaking for Themselves (SFT) project sought to enhance the physical, emotional, and psychological safety of children exposed to domestic violence and high conflict custody and access disputes. Children were provided with both a trauma therapist and a ...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400075_24This paper investigates whether fathers who have been convicted of a violent offense transmit criminal and violent behavior more strongly than fathers who were convicted, but never for violence. First, a more traditional approach was taken where offending ...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400076_24This study applied system justification theory to understand the function of rape myth acceptance. Participants read a rape scenario that manipulated the difference in status between the perpetrator and victim, as well as the potential threat to perpetrato...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400077_24The present study investigated the associations between temperamental reactivity, drinking motives, alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences. Furthermore, it investigated whether drinking motives mediate the relations between temperamental reac...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400553_24This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases. Subjects were 102 cases that were clinically assessed by the multidisciplinary hospital team. Early and late childhood cases (according to the age a...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399955_24In an exploratory qualitative interview study of 25 children who experienced domestic violence, 10 children diverged from the rest of the group in regards to expressed strong fear. The questions asked were: what are the violent experiences of these childre...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400080_24This study aimed at investigating the predictors of hard drug dealing crimes among Mexican students. Tests of difference and ordinal regression were employed to explore group differences and predictors of hard drug dealing crimes. The sample included 14,30...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400081_24The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between bullying, victimization and a number of social-emotional variables such as trait emotional intelligence, empathy and self-efficacy in 206 elementary school 6th graders in Greece. Resu...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400085_24We conducted an investigation into a determinant of academic motivation that has implications for how we respond to school violence and tragedy. We conducted two studies to examine whether exposure to messages related to the salience of one's own mortality...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399964_24Given the large number of adolescents who have externalizing behavior problems and the increasing ethnic heterogeneity in many societies, it is important to examine whether the mechanisms underlying externalizing behavior are different among diverse groups...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399967_24Whilst quantitative research to date gives us some indication of the prevalence at which knife-carrying occurs among young British men, there have been few explanations for why it occurs, and for what the relationship might be between broader social issues...Age: Adolescentshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399968_24As scholars and community stakeholders continue to understand hegemonic masculinity and its influences on youth violence, it is important that marginalized ethnic groups are not excluded from the discourse. This qualitative exploratory study investigates t...Age: Elder Adultshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400388_26BACKGROUND: Falls are one of the major health problems in old people. Different risk factors were identified but only few epidemiological studies analysed the influence of conventionally measured blood pressure on falls. The objective of our study was to i...Age: Elder Adultshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400446_26The aim of this study is to: (1) compare the association between various levels of physical activity (PA) and mortality; and (2) examine the potential modifying effect of depressive symptoms on the PA-mortality associations. Previous large scale randomized...Age: Elder Adultshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399946_26Intimate partner abuse is defined as threatened or actual physical, sexual, or psychological abuse by a current or former partner. The present study examined responses of 212 social workers, who were randomly assigned one of four case vignettes describing ...Age: Elder Adultshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400379_26Objectives:This study aimed to identify the effects of sleep quality, physical activity, environmental quality, age, ethnicity, sex differences, marital status, and educational level on the risk of falls in the elderly individuals with dementia.Methodology...Age: Infants and Childrenhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400455_23Bicycle helmet wearing is currently not legally enforced in Ireland and little is known about the self-reported practice amongst young children. The principal aim of this study was to assess self-reported helmet wearing amongst a sample (n = 314) of primar...Age: Infants and Childrenhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400509_23Obesity is a prevalent global-health problem associated with substantial morbidity, impairment and economic burden. Because most readily available forms of treatment are ineffective in the long term, it is essential to advance knowledge of obesity preventi...Age: Infants and Childrenhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400045_23Determination of methamphetamine (MP) and its metabolite amphetamine (AP) in hair and meconium samples from a neonate was performed to estimate the fetal abuse of MP during pregnancy. Five hundred micrograms of the neonate's hair spiked with 1-methyl-3-phe...Age: Infants and Childrenhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399950_23The policy of "leave early or stay and defend", often shortened to the "stay or go" policy, has been the subject of critical review in the Royal Commission that followed the recent disastrous bushfires in Victoria, Australia. The need for people to evacuat...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399864_1This study examined the association between alcohol outlet density and violence in a nonmetropolitan college town. Nearly all prior empirical research examining this association has been undertaken in large urban cities. Using data on Bloomington, Indiana,...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400373_1AIM: To investigate the association between patterns of alcohol consumption and self-reported physical and mental health in a population with a high prevalence of hazardous drinking. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of an age-stratified random sample of a pop...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400474_1Alcohol-related amnesia-alcohol blackout-is a common claim of criminal defendants. The generally held belief is that during an alcohol blackout, other cognitive functioning is severely impaired or absent. The presentation of alcohol blackout as scientific ...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400559_1[Abstract unavailable] Language: Eng...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400399_1INTRODUCTION: Bath salts are derivatives of cathinone and their toxic effects are largely the same effects seen with amphetamines in large doses. Bath salts can be ingested, smoked or used intravenously. Their use is on the rise and responsible for a large...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400453_1PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of manipulating the alcohol and sodium content of beer on fluid restoration following exercise. METHOD: Seven male volunteers exercised on a cycle ergometer until 1.96±0.25% body mass (mean±SD) was lost. Participants wh...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400471_1Herein, we present a case of 53-year-old psychotic woman with acute esophageal necrosis (black esophagus), who was found lying on the floor in the living room of her flat. Pillboxes of antipsychotic drugs were located in the bin. External examination of th...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400376_1AIMS: Breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) estimation training has been effective in increasing estimation accuracy in social drinkers. Predictors of estimation accuracy may identify populations to target for training, yet potential predictors typically are...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399899_1Disinhibition (vs. Constraint; DvC) represents the tendency to act in an undercontrolled (vs. controlled) manner and has been shown to be strongly linked to externalizing psychopathology. Further, recent research has found lower-order DvC components to hav...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399868_1In the late 1990s, the Colombian National Police became the central channel for U.S. material and symbolic support to that country, thanks in large part to the work of a cohort of Republican members of Congress known as the 'drug warriors.' In the Congress...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399908_1Drug trafficking, drug-related violence and drug-related corruption have come to dominate Mexican politics in the late 2000s. Most consider corruption central to both the illicit trade and to the government's war on it. But such relationships have yet to b...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400502_1[Abstract unavailable] Language: Eng...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400434_1Fatal alcohol and drug poisonings in Finland during the years 2004-2009 were studied. Cases were divided into those that occurred outside the hospitals (the majority of cases) and those that occurred within the hospitals (the minority of cases). Difference...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399917_1Experiences of stigma, discrimination, and violence as well as extreme health disparities and high rates of sexual risk behavior and substance use have been well-documented among transgender women of color. Using an intersectional approach and integrating ...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400055_1The apparent victim in an alleged scopolamine-facilitated sexual assault case requested a toxicological hair analysis. Hair decontamination wash solvents were evaporated and stored until analysis. Hair was incubated with 2 ml of 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400056_1This article discusses cases of drug-poisoning death in which 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM) was identified in blood as evidence for recent use of heroin. We report the demographics of the victims, previous drug-related offences, polydrug use, and the concentrati...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399929_1After the recognition in Mexico of a situation characterized by violence involving both non-state actors (mainly drug lords) and the state apparatus, the present research critically analyzes both the national security strategy adopted by President Felipe C...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400067_1Objectives A survey of empirical research concerning the determinants of an individual's perceptions of the risk of formal sanctions as a consequence of criminal behavior. The specific questions considered are: (1) How accurate is people's knowledge about ...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399942_1Little attention has been paid to the examination and measurement of self-stigma in substance misuse. This paper aims to fill this gap by reporting on the development of a new scale to measure self-stigma experienced by people who are misusing substances, ...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400073_1According to the perfectionism social disconnection model (PSDM), perfectionism leads to social disconnection (e.g., isolation, loneliness, and alienation) which brings about depressive symptoms. The present study extended the PSDM by testing a dual-pathwa...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400554_1[Abstract unavailable] Language: Eng...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400556_1[Abstract unavailable] Language: Eng...Alcohol and Other Drugshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400443_1OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of proximity and time pressure on accurate and effective visual search during medication selection from a computer screen. BACKGROUND: The presence of multiple similar objects in proximity to a targe...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400526_27BACKGROUND: Widespread invasion by non-native plants has resulted in substantial change in fire-fuel characteristics and fire-behaviour in many of the world's ecosystems, with a subsequent increase in the risk of fire damage to human life, property and the...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400492_27BACKGROUND: Burn injury results in increased skeletal muscle protein turnover, where the magnitude of protein breakdown outweighs synthesis, resulting in muscle wasting. The effect of increased amino acid (AA) provision on skeletal muscle fractional synthe...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400527_27[This corrects the article on p. e49412 in vol. 7.]. Language: Eng...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400462_27Second- and third-degree burns of the toes resulted when a 69-year-old man with Charcot foot and a recent fractured ankle followed the advice of his local podiatrist. The man got his fiberglass cast wet while showering and was told to dry his cast using th...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400465_27This study evaluated the association of bladder cancer risk and fire scene investigation within a cohort of white male criminal investigators with the United States Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives that was found to be at increased risk ...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400558_27During the last decade, the European Union has enforced the diversion of organic wastes and recyclables to waste management companies operating incineration plants, composting plants and recycling units instead of landfills. The temporary storage sites hav...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399941_27Oil Pipeline and Telecommunication Company of West Region is one of the eleven regional branches of Iranian Oil Pipeline and Telecommunication Companies (IOPTC) and is responsible for the transfer of crude oil and oil products through 129, 236, and 179 km ...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400072_27An early stage of the design of a safety barrier intended for protecting roadside property against fires and explosions on road is studied. Three main problems of this design stage are highlighted: determination of the road segment from which a roadside ob...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399949_27This paper adopts hierarchical cluster and exponential smoothing methods to analyze dangerous chemical accidents involving storage, transportation, and fireworks, and also total chemical accident deaths in China. The conclusions are that the cluster method...Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scaldshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400083_27Lint, which is a normal by-product of the laundering of clothing, is known to introduce a fire hazard and/or contribute to the fuel load in residential fires. Failure analysis of clothes dryers therefore requires an understanding of how dryer lint behaves ...Commentaryhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400539_2Architects design building structures, although structural design is the profession of structural engineers. Thus, it is better for architects and structural engineers to collaborate starting from the initial phases of the architectural design. However, th...Commentaryhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399986_2On 10 February 2005, a New York jury convicted Mohamed Yousry, an Arabic interpreter and translator, of two related offenses: (1) violating US federal prison rules, called Special Administrative Measures (SAMs), designed, inter alia, to prevent high-risk i...Community-Based Preventionhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400432_3Designing Healthy Communities points out that our car-focused and pedestrian-unfriendly community design has significantly worsened the obesity epidemic and has created a pandemic of health crisis and inequities. Many health impacts resulting from our buil...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400508_4On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy hit the northeastern U.S. coastline. Sandy's tropical storm winds stretched over 900 miles (1,440 km), causing storm surges and destruction over a larger area than that affected by hurricanes with more intensity but nar...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399911_4The January 2010 earthquake that devastated Haiti left its population ever more vulnerable to rainfall-induced flash floods. A flash flood guidance system has been implemented to provide real-time information on the potential of small (~70 km2) basins for ...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400528_4UNLABELLED: Introduction The 2005 Gulf Coast hurricane season was one of the most costly and deadly in US history. Hurricane Rita stressed hospitals and led to multiple, simultaneous evacuations. This study systematically identified community factors assoc...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400053_4This paper explores the question of whether there are inherent limits to our ability to learn from experience about the value of protection against low-probability, high-consequence, events. Findings are reported from two controlled experiments in which pa...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400057_4This article investigates the impact of household endowments on household's ability to cope with natural disaster risks and the determining factors of disaster coping capacity. We present results of a research based on household survey. The data were analy...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399925_4This paper compares two metaheuristic approaches in solving a constrained transportation scheduling problem, which can be found in transporting goods in emergency situations. We compared Greedy Search, Parameter-less Evolutionary Search and Ant-Stigmergy A...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399947_4Spatial attributes are important factors affecting the entire process of emergency management. Despite the importance of spatial attributes in emergency rescue, this subject has not been subjected to thorough examination in previous literature. This paper ...Disaster Preparednesshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399962_4This work presents the last improvements of an operative regional-scale warning system developed for the management of the risk related to rainfall-induced landslides (both shallow and deep seated). The warning system is named Sistema Integrato Gestione Mo...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400357_5This paper describes a model capable of simulating large-scale traffic in an urban environment. The goal is of this work is the realistic and detailed simulation of the traffic, reproducing the behavior of each vehicle involved in the environment individua...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400435_5OBJECTIVE: We examined whether part-task training produces better learning and retention than whole-task training of a trench-and-load task performed on a hydraulic excavator simulator. BACKGROUND: For complex perceptual-motor tasks that involve several co...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400546_5STRUCTURED ABSTRACT: Study Design. Cross-sectionalObjective. To conduct a preliminary analysis of the physical, cognitive and psychological domains contributing to self-reported driving difficulty after adjusting for neck pain, dizziness and relevant demog...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400049_5If a driver passes over a pedestrian lying on the road and flees, it is considered a crime. In several cases, even if the driver fled and was arrested, he/she often asserts that they did not know that the victim was a human being. However, the investigatio...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400428_5The aim of this study was to assess mental workload in which various load sources must be integrated to derive reliable workload estimates. We report a new algorithm for computing weights from qualitative fuzzy integrals and apply it to the National Aerona...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400366_5INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of external influences on long distance trucking, in particular, incentive-based remuneration systems and the need to wait or queue to load or unload on driver experiences of fatigue. METHODS: ...Distraction, Fatigue, Chronobiology, Vigilance, Workloadhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399885_5Objective: In the present study, we sought to investigate whether auditory and tactile cuing could be used to facilitate a complex, real-world air traffic management scenario. Background: Auditory and tactile cuing provides an effective means of improvi...Drowning, Suffocationhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399862_36Strangulation is a unique and particularly gendered form of nonfatal intimate partner violence, affecting 10 times as many women as men. Medical research documents multiple negative health outcomes of such victimization, and in the past decade nearly 30 U....Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomeshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400380_28PURPOSE: Discourse analyses have demonstrated utility for delineating subtle communication deficits following closed head injuries (CHIs). The present investigation examined the discourse performance of a large group of individuals with penetrating head in...Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomeshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399871_28Does traffic congestion negatively impact the economic growth of metropolitan areas? This article reviews the findings of three research directions addressing this question. First, research on first-order impacts indicates that the economic value of conges...Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomeshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400545_28Study design:Cross-sectional survey.Objective:To examine factors that contribute to the process of positive adjustment, or resilience, in an adult community sample with spinal cord injury (SCI).Setting:South Australian Spinal Cord Injury Service, Hampstead...Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomeshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399926_28Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are the second leading cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI), accounting for between 17 and 28 % of all TBIs. Although about 86 % of those who are involved in MVCs sustain no injuries, the remaining 14 % commonly experiences...Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomeshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400496_28Although co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with greater distress, impairment, and health care utilization than PTSD alone, the magnitude of this problem is uncertain. This meta-analysis aime...Egress, Escape, Evacuation, Crowdshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399891_35In this paper we present a stochastic approach for modelling passenger performances during evacuation process in passenger trains. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part describes the identification of variables and data collection. This proce...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400468_34Objective. To determine the perceived neighborhood environment (NE) variables that are associated with physical activity (PA) in urban areas in China. Methods. Parents of students at two junior high schools in Shanghai, one downtown and the other in the su...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399865_34This article describes a unified solution to three types of separation-assurance problems that occur in en-route airspace: separation conflicts, arrival sequencing, and weather-cell avoidance. Algorithms for solving these problems play a key role in the de...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400039_34Cognitive connected vehicles will require a number of essential features that integrate intelligent technology and human factors, including collision avoidance advice and adaptive longitudinal control. This paper describes a self-calibrating adaptive model...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400549_34Objective: To assess the factors, including helmet use, that contribute to head linear and angular acceleration in bicycle crash simulation tests. Method: A series of laboratory tests was undertaken using an oblique impact rig. The impact rig included a dr...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400042_34This study compares the optimum designs of center pillar assembly with advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) to that of conventional steel for crashworthiness and weight reduction in side impacts. A simplified side impact analysis method was used to simulate...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399906_34Breathable air inside the tunnel is an undeniable necessity and beside natural ventilation, the tunnel should be reliably organized, to automatically provide healthy air under different conditions. Among methods of tunnel ventilation, longitudinal and tran...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400048_34Cornering maneuvers with reduced body roll and without loss in comfort are leading requirements for car manufacturers. An electric active roll control (ARC) system controls body roll angle with motor-driven actuators installed in the centers of the front a...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399909_34The authors discuss the effect of anisotropic conductivity on the suction and reliability index of an unsaturated embankment for uniform rainfall whose intensity is lower than the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The analysis is performed on good-drainage...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400548_34Objectives: Powered 2-wheelers (PTWs) are becoming increasingly popular in Europe. They have the ability to get around traffic queues, thus lowering fuel consumption and increasing mobility. The risk of rider injury in a traffic crash is however much highe...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400051_34The BioRIDII (Biofidelic Rear-Impact Dummy II) is regarded as possessing similar characteristics to human volunteers and PMHS (post-mortem human subjects) in terms of its response to low-speed rear-impact tests. The biofidelity of the RID 2 (Rear-Impact Du...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400054_34In order to achieve a safe motorized society in the coming years, it is essential to work toward preventing the very occurrence of traffic accidents. It is particularly important to face the reality that the majority of traffic accidents are caused by driv...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400429_34In order to determine a range on vehicle types by the vehicle paints left on the accident site, 940 infrared spectra of vehicle paint from 287 vehicle samples were collected, and then the infrared spectrum database on vehicle body paint was established. Th...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399924_34The rapid growth of traffic intensity was predetermined by the dynamic change in the number of cars and the need for carriage. Vehicle congestion and high risk of accidents result in disappointment of many drivers and public transport users, causing psycho...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399927_34Evaluation, monitoring and comparison of traffic safety in various territories presents a major challenge to the traffic safety researches. Recently a large number of studies are focused on finding an appropriate method for the calculation of the traffic s...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399932_34The Aresawa rockslide in the Japanese Alps encountered a deep, partial collapse during an early snow-melting period in May 2004, followed by further progressive movement of the headscarp area. This paper reconstructs the pre-failure topography of the Aresa...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399939_34This summary of the author's PhD thesis defended on 20 December 2012 at the Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. The thesis is written in Lithuanian and is available from the author upon request. Chapter 1 describes the analysis of road infrastructure s...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399940_34Instability processes at glacial deposits represent an important hazard in mountainous areas. During the spring seasons of 2010 and 2011, two falls of large boulders (18 and 55 m3) initiated in a lateral moraine in the Rebaixader catchment (Central Pyrenee...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399954_34A great number of serious road accidents occur all over the world every year. In spite of some progress in this area, road traffic safety has remained an acute problem in recent years. Traffic accidents on the road depend on the following factors: road tra...Engineering, Physics, Structural Soundness and Failurehttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399886_34This paper uses data regarding detection of pavement obstacles to explore two approaches to establishing an appropriate illuminance for road lighting designed to meet the needs of pedestrians. A previous obstacle detection experiment was repeated using you...Environmental Issues, Climate, Geophysicshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400449_29A substantial number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between atmospheric conditions and human all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality. However, most research has been performed in industrialised countries, whereas little i...Environmental Issues, Climate, Geophysicshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400447_29Despite rising concern on the impact of heat on human health, the risk of high summer temperature on heatstroke-related emergency dispatches is not well understood in Japan. A time-series study was conducted to examine the association between apparent temp...Environmental Issues, Climate, Geophysicshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400448_29In this study, the hypothesis is tested that continuous increases in ambient temperature (Ta) during daytime would give elevated core and skin temperatures, and consequently better thermal sensation and comfort. Rectal temperature (Tre), skin temperatures ...Environmental Issues, Climate, Geophysicshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400069_29Seasonal crime patterns have been a topic of sustained criminological research for more than a century. Results in the area are often conflicting, however, and no firm consensus exists on many points. The current study uses a long time series and a large a...Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiologyhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400438_6OBJECTIVE: We show how to choose colors for icons on maps to minimize search time using predictions of a model of visual search. BACKGROUND: The model analyzes digital images of a search target (an icon on a map) and a search display (the map containing th...Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiologyhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400510_6PURPOSE: We report the rare case of a patient with intractable epilepsy and escalating aggression, resulting in murder, who had complete resolution of her seizures and explosive behavior following a right temporal lobectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We search...Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiologyhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399874_6This study tested the appropriateness of unified glare rating (UGR), CIE glare index (CGI), British glare index (BGI), and visual comfort probability (VCP) for evaluating discomfort glare from common non-uniform electric light sources. An experiment was co...Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiologyhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399882_6This article examines alienist explanations for fracture among British asylum patients in the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. A series of deaths in asylums came to light in the 1870s which, in placing the blame for such incidents on asylum st...Home and Consumer Product Safetyhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399859_7The article starts with the assumption that the research community of consumer culture theory (CCT) is materially experienced and negotiated in its continuous rhetorical construction. Here, we use the concept of manifestos to analyze the fragile dialectics...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400034_37Case linkage involves identifying crime series on the basis of behavioral similarity and distinctiveness. Research regarding the behavioral consistency of serial rapists has accumulated; however, it has its limitations. One of these limitations is that con...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400542_37This research examined whether a government-initiated pilot project of mandatory polygraph testing would increase the disclosures made by community-supervised sexual offenders in the United Kingdom. The Offender Managers of 332 pilot polygraph sexual offen...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400046_37This study presents an empirical analysis of domestic violence case resolution in North Carolina for the years 2004 to 2010. The key hypothesis is that penalties at the level set for domestic violence crimes reduce recidivism (re-arrest on domestic violenc...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400052_37Objectives Much victimization research focuses on specific types of crime victims, which implies that the factors responsible for some victimization outcomes are distinct from others. Recent developments in victimization theory, however, take a more genera...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399915_37The illegal trade in ammunition in the Netherlands seems to be a small-scale problem. However, as a result of high profits and a small chance of being caught, it is an extremely attractive criminal activity for malicious individuals. The criminal purchase ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400355_37This article explores the role that 'habit' played in discourses on crime in the 18th century, a subject which forms an important part of the history of 'the social'. It seeks to bridge the division between 'liberal' positions which see crime as a product ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399921_37Three studies demonstrate that people are more likely to vote for political candidates who respond to injustice in a compensatory rather than punitive manner. Participants were more likely to vote for candidates who responded to various transgressions (the...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400065_37Objectives To empirically examine the absolute and relative impact of situational characteristics and confidence in the criminal justice system on public support for vigilantism. Methods In an experimental study with a between-subjects design, members of a...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400066_37Objectives To join the literature on spatial analysis with research testing the racial invariance hypothesis by examining the extent to which claims of racial invariance are sensitive to the spatial dynamics of community structure and crime. Methods Using ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400070_37This article was written to introduce readers to the bodies of work that inform experts who conduct evaluations of plaintiffs or offer generic testimony in cases involving claims of psychological injuries in the aftermath of sexual trauma, including childh...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400029_37Using a quasi-experimental research design, this study examines the effect of terrorist events on the perception of immigrants across 65 regions in nine European countries. It first elaborates a theoretical argument that explains the effect of events and p...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399957_37Objectives This study investigated the extent to which immigrant concentration is associated with reductions in neighborhood crime rates in the City of Los Angeles. Methods A potential outcomes model using two-stage least squares regression was estimated, ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400078_37This paper examines whether the psychological sequelae of rape relate to rape case attrition by leading police to see the victim as less reliable. A mixed methods approach with two linked studies, one qualitative and one quantitative, was used. In Study 1,...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400079_37Although a plethora of studies focus on jury decision making in sexual harassment cases, few studies examine damage award assessments in such suits, and even fewer explore the impact of psychological injury on jurors' liability and damage award assessments...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399959_37Familicide refers to the killing of multiple family members, most commonly the homicide of an intimate partner and at least one child. This study examines the prevalence of familicide in the United States. Second, it explores the relationship between the p...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400030_37In the latter half of the 20th century, countries abolished the death penalty en masse. What factors help to explain this global trend? Conventional analyses explain abolition by focusing primarily on state level political processes. This article contribut...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400082_37The notion of transitions is an increasingly central concept in contemporary criminology and such issues are particularly significant in the study of intimate partner violence (IPV). Here, attention focuses on relationship dynamics and movement into and ou...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400031_37Comparative historical methods are used to explain the transformation of the U.S. penal order in the second half of the 20th century. The analysis of multiple state-level case studies and national-level narratives suggests that this transformation has thre...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399960_37Kingpin strategies-- the targeting of the top-levels of terrorist or drug trafficking organization hierarchies-- has become a centerpiece of US and Mexican efforts to combat drug trafficking. This study addresses the unintended consequences of these strate...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399985_37In recent years, much has been written about the revival of counterinsurgency as the preferred strategy of the United States-led forces in their 'global war on terror'. Such a strategy necessarily requires knowledge of the local languages and cultures. Thi...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399966_37This article explains why homicides related to drug-trafficking operations in Mexico have recently increased by exploring the mechanisms through which this type of violence tends to escalate. It is shown that drug-related violence can be understood as the ...Media, Marketing, and Internet Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399880_31The content of the mass media and its possible effects on recipients have been investigated by social scientists for decades. As a special case, short-term effects of the content of mass media on people's later behavior or judgments have often been studied...Non-Human Animals and Insectshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400419_32Rapid and effective treatment of bites is a major variable in the overall outcome of a patient who is a victim of a bite. There are a wide range of animals that bite and sting, and the reactions vary depending on the individual and the animal involved. Alt...Occupational Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399935_8The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a workplace parenting intervention aimed at reducing work-family conflict and improving work and family functioning in teachers. One hundred and seven teachers (who were also parents) were randomly ...Occupational Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399938_8Fairness and justice are valued concepts throughout the entire criminal justice system, and they do not resonate any less with employees in the field of corrections. Distributive and procedural justice, two dimensions of organizational justice, were postul...Occupational Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400440_8OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess whether a concurrent but independent navigation task exacerbates the effects of hearing loss on speech recognition and whether hearing loss degrades performance of the navigation task during the concurrent but indepen...Poisoninghttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400037_10An unusual case of homicide by chronic methanol poisoning is presented. A 37-year-old man with a month-long illness of intermittent nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath presented in the emergency department with severe gastrointestinal pain, diaphores...Recreational and Sports Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400427_11State parks play a substantial role in the provision of outdoor recreation opportunities within the United States. Park operators must make crucial decisions in how they allocate capital expenditures, labor, and parkland to maintain recreation opportunitie...Recreational and Sports Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399918_11We conduct multiple price list experiments that elicit life duration risk preferences from amateur auto racers, technical rock climbers, SCUBA divers, and a student control group. We posit a preference function that allows for risk aversion and probability...Research Methods, Surveillance and Codes, Modelshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400033_12This study took advantage of the new open-source Extremist Crime Database (ECDB) to overcome obstacles to studying domestic far-right terrorism from a criminological perspective. In the past, exclusive definitions and inclusion criteria have limited availa...Research Methods, Surveillance and Codes, Modelshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400047_12This paper presents a methodology for estimating the incident duration and identifying its critical contributing factors in the state of Maryland. The incident database from the Maryland State Highway (MDSHA) and Police Accident Report database between yea...Research Methods, Surveillance and Codes, Modelshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400071_12There is converging evidence that physical aggression and non-aggressive rule-breaking constitute meaningfully distinct, if somewhat overlapping, dimensions of antisocial behavior, with different developmental trajectories, demographic correlates, and etio...Risk Perception and Communication, Warnings, Operating Instructionshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399860_14Muslims living in western Europe have to manage their religious identity in societies that tend to define Islam as a religion of violence and terrorism. The current study examines the ways in which two major Turkish Muslim organizations (Milli Görüş and...Social Etiologies and Disparitieshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400032_21Objectives This study is an analysis of the relationship between marriage and crime in a high-risk sample of Dutch men and women. Marriages are classified as to whether the spouse had been convicted of a crime prior to the marriage, in order to ascertain i...Social Etiologies and Disparitieshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400360_21For a number of years the social and cultural landscape of Australia has been haunted by the figure of 'the Bogan', which, although malleable, has typically been deployed as a negative descriptor of the white working-class poor. The nation's most recent re...Social Etiologies and Disparitieshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399876_21This article reports two experiments exploring heterosexual men's use of homophobic slang in social contexts varied by sex ratio. Study 1 (N = 127) experimentally demonstrated that compared with a mixed-sex audience, heterosexual men with an all-male audie...Social Etiologies and Disparitieshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399877_21"One Man Can" (OMC) is a rights-based gender equality and health program implemented by Sonke Gender Justice Network (Sonke) in South Africa. The program seeks to reduce the spread and impact of HIV and AIDS and reduce violence against women and men. To un...Social Etiologies and Disparitieshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399994_21This essay speculates on three scenes from Black queer life: the murder of J.R. Warren, a young Black gay man in rural West Virginia; a startlingly concrete encounter with online racism in a gay chat room; and the incipiently erotic relationship that forms...Suicide and Self-Harmhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399879_18Positioning oneself in relation to hegemonic masculinity can be seen as a pervasive aspect of a man's actions and experiences. In this study, the connection between masculinity and depression was studied using a sample of Finnish men in their forties, who ...Suicide and Self-Harmhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399936_18The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and personality disorder symptoms controlling for depressive state. Victims of IPV (n = 176) and non-abused women (n = 193) completed the Dimensional Assessment o...Suicide and Self-Harmhttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399881_18Camus famously declares that 'there is but one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide'. I argue that while Camus finally rejects suicide as a response to the forsakenness of the human condition - both literal suicide and what he calls 'ph...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399887_20In this brief report, we present information on the Strength at Home intervention to treat male active duty or military veteran perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) as well as preliminary pilot study findings. Strength at Home is a 12-session co...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400035_20This paper examines the reliability of the methods used to capture homicide events committed by far-right extremists in a number of open source terrorism data sources. Although the number of research studies that use open source data to examine terrorism h...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399897_20Although cognitive rumination is related to violence perpetration, not all people who ruminate become violent. Four personality variables--impulsivity, anxiety, anger-in, anger-out--were tested as possible moderators of the link between the tendency to rum...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399870_20As gender-based violence prevention programs around the world increasingly include efforts to engage men and boys as antiviolence allies, both the profound benefits and the inherent complexities of these efforts are emerging. Acknowledging and exploring te...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400500_20Animal abuse and domestic violence are linked issues, and pet ownership is reported to play a crucial role in the choice to leave an abusive situation. Although veterinarians witness the effects of abuse and violence over the course of their careers, they ...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400060_20Recent research has demonstrated that individual crimes elevate the risk for subsequent crimes nearby, a phenomenon termed "near-repeats." Yet these assessments only reveal global patterns of event interdependence, ignoring the possibility that individual ...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400025_20The masculine overcompensation thesis asserts that men react to masculinity threats with extreme demonstrations of masculinity, a proposition tested here across four studies. In study 1, men and women were randomly given feedback suggesting they were eithe...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399931_20This article analyses a side of the post-relationship stalking that has been neglected: the experience of women that were victims of this type of violence without having any history of abuse during their prior relationship. It analyses the differences betw...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399943_20This mixed methods study observed day-to-day dynamics of husband-to-wife abuse. Daily reporting and weekly interaction with a research associate appeared to offer great benefit. A sample of 20 women age 20-62, were enrolled. Participants at high risk for a...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399945_20Using a U.S. nationally representative sample (N = 5,692; U.S. National Comorbidity Survey- Replication Part II [NCS-R]; Alegria et al. 2007), this research explored social support as a possible protective factor for abused women. Women who were physically...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_400074_20Rational choice perspectives maintain that seemingly irrational behavior on the part of terrorist organizations may nevertheless reflect strategic planning. In this paper we examine spatial and temporal patterns of terrorist attacks by the Spanish group ET...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399956_20Some research suggests that the risk of physical aggression by an intimate partner is related to marital status, but this relationship may vary across cultures and by gender. In the present study, we systematically examine the relationship between marital ...Violence and Weapons Issueshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399965_20This study discusses the experiences of women who participated in a program for partner-violent women by understanding their views of the treatment process, outcomes and the meanings they attached to it. This study followed a Husserlian descriptive phenome...