http://www.safetylit.org/Welcome to SafetyLit, the online source for recent research about injury prevention.Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399566_37The Multicultural Yard Health and Environment Project (MYHEP) used Toronto's Pesticide Bylaw roll-out process to examine how culturally specific perceptions and practices might influence the relevance of municipal public health information and community en...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399542_37OBJECTIVE: In response to concerns about the health consequences of high-risk drinking by young people, the Australian Government increased the tax on pre-mixed alcoholic beverages ('alcopops') favoured by this demographic. We measured changes in admission...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399777_37Although sexual assault prevention education tends to focus on consent promotion as a means to reduce rates of sexual assault, little is known about how college students consent to sexual activity. The current study aimed to better understand college stude...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399685_37This article explores police use of force and its aftermath by focusing on the immediacy of police-citizen interactions via an autoethnographic account that invokes the concept of criminological verstehen. Specifically, the article explores issues of const...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399689_37This study provides insights on how climate change may already be impacting crime rates. Based on analysis of 20 years of monthly data from St. Louis, MO, this study finds that most major crime types are likely to be impacted by rising temperatures. Wherea...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399690_37This paper contributes to the normative debate over capital punishment by looking at whether the role of executioner is one in which it is possible and proper to take pride. The answer to the latter question turns on the kind of justification the agent can...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399694_37The existence of a correlation between the use of alcohol and juvenile delinquency has long been acknowledged. In order to evaluate the strength and the characteristics of this association in various cultural contexts, we analysed data collected as part of...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399657_37BACKGROUND: Fear of crime is associated with negative health and wellbeing outcomes, and may mediate some impacts of the built environment on public health. A range of environmental interventions have been hypothesized to reduce the fear of crime. METHODS:...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399697_37Objective: Previous research has documented both the problem of adult sexual assault case attrition and negative experiences for victims who pursue criminal justice responses. To date, most of this research has focused on calculating attrition statistics o...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399532_37The objective of this paper is to examine a number of factors (observed and latent) that might have a causal effect on drinking and driving (D&D) behaviour. Face-to-face surveys were conducted among patrons at bars and cafeterias and 305 valid questionnair...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399745_37Graduated driver licensing (GDL) programs are specialized licensing systems for beginner drivers adopted in all U.S. states, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. GDL programs reduce novice drivers' exposure to high-risk driving situations while they gain dr...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399778_37One of the most common manners of unnatural death that has been rapidly increasing in Nepal is suicide. The choice of method depends on the accessibility and availability of the means. Therefore suicide by hanging with the ligature material ranging from to...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399751_37OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between helmet legislation and admissions to hospital for cycling related head injuries among young people and adults in Canada. DESIGN: Interrupted time series analysis using data from the National Trauma Registry...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399701_37Objective: One promising opportunity for advancing sexual violence (SV) research and identifying new avenues for prevention involves examining other forms of violence that may share risk factors with SV. Youth violence (YV) is ideal for consideration given...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399858_37AIMS: To provide novel, population-based estimates of the influence of minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) legislation on target in-patient hospital events in Canada. DESIGN: Regression-discontinuity analyses on rates of Canadian in-patient admissions. SETTI...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399703_37Purpose This study examined interactions of environmental and safety measures for road transportation. Method Road-safety effects of various measures targeting environmental problems of road transportation and environmental effects of various road-safety m...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399706_37Vice crimes, crimes prohibited in part because they are viewed as morally corrupting, engage legal theorists because they reveal importantly contrasting views between liberals and virtue-centered theorists on the very limits of legitimate state action. Yet...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399707_37This study examines how community members respond to collective and personal crime after unexpected violent, mass tragedies. Our main interest is in whether or not responses to personal and collective crime are similar in two local communities. Furthermore...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399447_37The crime of infanticide is recognised in a number of Australian states. Generally, the legislation requires that a mother kill her child aged less than 12 months, and, at the time of the offence, her mental balance is disturbed by the effect of childbirth...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399449_37There is a body of literature dealing with the increased capacity for deception in online environments. This corpus of academic work has relevance for the widespread public concern about the anonymity of the Internet with respect to children who may be con...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399561_37Violence is a serious public health problem and notification of incidents is fundamental for epidemic surveillance and for the definition of priorities and public politics of health prevention and promotion. The study sought to characterize the occurrence ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399709_37Previous studies documented that crime is heavily concentrated in families. However, many studies relied on relatively small samples, often males and information on criminal involvement was self-reported. The present study investigates: (1) the prevalence ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399684_37The clandestine nature of trafficking in persons means that there is little reliable data about the nature and extent of the crime; however, a picture is emerging of the nature of people trafficking as the number of prosecutions grows. Few of the cases ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399672_37Dog walking enables physical activity and positive social interactions, but uncontrolled dogs as well as dog feces can foster conflict and deter physical activity, for both dog owners and nonowners. This case study shows that previously reported associatio...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399450_37This paper presents the results of numerical studies performed to evaluate the performance of four commonly used traffic barriers on roadside and median slopes. The selected guardrail/barrier systems are the modified G4(1S) W-beam guardrail, modified thrie...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399713_37The Australian heavy vehicle industry is critical to the movement of people, freight, livestock and other goods. However, every year there are deaths and serious injuries on Australian roads, some of which are caused by speeding heavy vehicles. Speed ma...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399714_37The idea that victims of social injustice who commit crimes ought not to be subject to punishment has attracted serious attention in recent legal and political philosophy. R. A. Duff has argued, for example, a states that perpetrates social injustice lacks...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399718_37Intimate partner violence (IPV) has profound and widespread health and economic implications at an individual, familial, and societal level. Violence risk assessment measures offer an evidence-informed approach to ascertain the degree of threat an abuser p...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399760_37The majority of research examining sex differences in risk-taking behavior focuses on overt physical risk measures in which failed risk attempts may result in serious injury or death. The present research describes sex differences in patterns of risk takin...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399454_37The purpose of the present study was to interview prosecutors, based on their experiences working with children who have been sexually abused. The informants were seven prosecutors identified from the records of three public prosecution offices in three ci...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399611_37This study investigated participant's reactions to hate crime versus nonbiased crime incident reports that included more or less detail about the crime using a 2 (victim race: African American, unstated) × 2 (amount of information: vague, detailed) betwee...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399765_37BACKGROUND: Some say 'prison works', others say that it only harms. Overall, longitudinal studies of prisoners suggest some positive impact on mental state, but post-release recidivism is high. How do men at high risk for repeated imprisonment experience i...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399722_37This essay tackles the relationship between morality and crime by way of the debate surrounding Travis Hirschi's double contribution to so-called "control theory," first as "social bonding theory," and subsequently as a "general theory" of crime. The asses...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399603_37Abstract available from the publisher. Language: Eng...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399585_37Data from a recent national study of inmate suicides indicates that the suicide rate in county jails throughout the United States has steadily decreased. Despite this progress, the author argues that rather than developing and maintaining comprehensive pol...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399538_37The primary objective of this study was to investigate the stereotypes of Koreans regarding preferred walking directions when encountering various public walking facilities, and to provide useful information to pedestrians and traffic policy legislators. T...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399634_37OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of texting/e-mailing while driving (TWD) and association of TWD with other risky motor vehicle (MV) behaviors among US high school students.METHODS:Data were used from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2011...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399553_37We investigated the 2010 year prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) in residential and foster care and compared it with prevalence rates in the general population. We used two approaches to estimate the prevalence of CSA. First, 264 professionals working ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399727_37Despite the general agreement that US schools have become increasingly punitive since the 1980s, researchers are uncertain about what types of schools use tough-on-crime measures. Some assert that punitive control is concentrated in poor, predominantly eth...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399466_37Abstract Connell and Farrington (1997) carried out the first study of the reliability and validity of reports of bullying and victimisation in correctional institutions, using individual interviews. The present research describes the second study on this t...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399731_37It is well documented that alcohol-related problems compromise individual and social health, and wellbeing. The individual harms are numerous, including premature death, loss of enjoyment and loss of social utility through fear of crime and victimisation. ...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399733_37Children placed in the state's custody due to neglect, abuse or maltreatment are one of America's most vulnerable populations. Seventy-five percent of child victims of maltreatment are under the age of 12. Not only is their suffering a problem, these child...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399629_37[Abstract unavailable] Language: Eng...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399807_37BACKGROUND: For an accurate estimation of health benefits and hazards of utilitarian cycling, a prospective collection of bicycle usage data (exposure) is fundamental. Individual and environmental correlates are necessary to guide health promotion and traf...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399735_37This article examines the normative force of consent, explaining how consent works its "moral magic" in transforming the moral quality of conduct that would otherwise constitute a wrong against the consenting person. Dempsey offers an original account of t...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399738_37This study employs crisis press coverage (CPC) to examine the uniform reporting assertion raised in communication theories. To explain CPC, the authors outline and apply a conceptual framework that links crises diversity and reporting modes. Findings on al...Jurisprudence, Laws, Legislation, Policies, Ruleshttp://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_399740_37It is an accepted criminological fact that gender and race affect involvement in crime. What has been examined less frequently is the effect of intersectionality of gender and race across the early life course. This research uses Delinquency in a Birth Coh...