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Journal Article

Citation

Ishimaru D, Matsumoto K, Ogawa H, Sumi H, Sumi Y, Akiyama H. Clin. J. Sport. Med. 2015; 26(5): 405-410.

Affiliation

*Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan; Departments of †Orthopaedic Surgery; and ‡Neurosurgery, Sumi Memorial Hospital, Gujo City, Gifu, Japan.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2015, Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine, Publisher Lippincott Williams and Wilkins)

DOI

10.1097/JSM.0000000000000267

PMID

26540597

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of spinal fractures during recreational snowboarding and to determine the risk factors for these fractures.

DESIGN: Case series study. SETTING: The Oku-mino ski area during the 7-year period between the 2005 to 2006 and 2011 to 2012 skiing seasons. PARTICIPANTS: Eight thousand seven hundred twenty-three snowboarders with injures. INTERVENTIONS: Cases involved snowboarders with spinal fractures; controls were snowboarders without spinal fractures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The characteristics of spinal fractures were assessed using a standard form and patient records, including radiographs. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for spinal fractures, including age, type of slope, snow condition, accident cause, self-reported skill level, experience level, and the use of protective equipment.

RESULTS: Of 8723 snowboarders with injuries, 431 snowboarders presented with spinal fractures (4.9%). The most common spinal fracture was isolated transverse process fracture in the lumbar spine (33.2%, n = 143), followed by compression type fracture in the lumbar spine (25.1%, n = 108). Age (20-39 years), terrain slopes (half-pipe/box/kicker/rail), and jump-landing failure were associated with a significantly high risk of spinal fracture.

CONCLUSIONS: Among the recreational snowboarders, isolated transverse process fracture in the lumbar spine was the most frequent spinal fracture. Age (20-39 year old), terrain slopes, and jump-landing failure were found to be risk factors for spinal fracture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Identification of characteristics and risk factors for spinal fractures during snowboarding is useful information to create a preventive strategy for the fractures and make snowboarding a safer sport.


Language: en

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