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Journal Article

Citation

Midtbust LGH, Dyregrov A, Djup HW. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 2018; 9(Suppl 2): 1429771.

Vernacular Title

Comunicarse con niños y adolescentes sobre el riesgo de desastres naturales 和儿童青少年沟通自然灾害的风险

Affiliation

Center for Crisis Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, The Author(s), Publisher Co-action Publishing)

DOI

10.1080/20008198.2018.1429771

PMID

29441156

PMCID

PMC5804782

Abstract

A vast number of people annually are affected by natural disasters. Children are at risk of losing their lives and suffer mentally or physically after such events. The fostering of resilience and preparedness ahead of disasters can reduce untoward effects of disastrous events. Risk communication and disaster education are considered important aspects of disaster preparedness, but little is known about whether such strategies influence children’s behaviour when natural disasters occur or how they cope in the aftermath. This paper presents and discusses various strategies that promote preparedness activities to save lives. To a minor extent, it also includes strategies that can promote coping in the aftermath. Strategies such as informational campaigns, educational activities, psychoeducation and parental guidance are addressed. The literature to date indicates that schools are a suitable arena for risk communication, and that adolescents themselves should be involved and engaged in the communication strategies. However, the relationship between knowledge of preparedness strategies and the resulting preparedness actions is largely unknown. It is unknown whether changes in awareness and attitudes have resulted in actual behaviour change. It is advocated that preparedness activities and parental involvement should supplement information-based strategies.


Language: en

Vernacular Abstract

每年有大量受害者被自然灾害影响。这给儿童带来丧生风险和身心问题。在灾害发生前就培育韧性和做好准备工作,可以减少灾难事件的不幸影响。风险沟通和灾害教育是灾害准备中的重要一环,但还不清楚这些策略是否可以在自然灾害实际发生时实际影响儿童的行为,以及事后儿童的应对。本文呈现并讨论可以增进准备行为的多种策略,以挽救更多生命。也包括了一小部分在灾害后可以促进应对的一些策略。文中还提到了如知识性宣讲、教育性活动、心理教育和父母指导一类的策略。前人文献指出学校是风险交流的合适场所,而且青少年本身也应该参与到交流的策略中来。但是还不清楚关于准备工作的知识和实际准备行为之间的相关性,以及意识和态度上的改变是否会转变成最终的行为改变。在基于信息的方式以外,还提倡更多准备行为和父母参与。.



Un gran número de personas se ven afectadas anualmente por desastres naturales. Los niños corren el riesgo de perder la vida o sufrir mental o físicamente después de dichos eventos. Promover la resiliencia y la preparación ante los desastres puede reducir los efectos desfavorables de los sucesos desastrosos. La comunicación de riesgos y la educación para desastres se consideran aspectos importantes de la preparación para casos de desastre, pero se sabe poco acerca de si tales estrategias realmente influyen en el comportamiento de los niños cuando ocurren desastres naturales o cómo lidian con ello después. Este documento presenta y discute varias estrategias que promueven actividades de preparación para salvar vidas. En menor medida, también incluye estrategias que pueden promover el afrontamiento posterior. Se abordan estrategias como campañas informativas, actividades educativas, psicoeducación y orientación parental. La literatura hasta la fecha indica que las escuelas son un entorno adecuado para la comunicación de riesgos, y que los propios adolescentes deberían estar involucrados y comprometido en las estrategias de comunicación. Sin embargo, la relación entre el conocimiento de las estrategias de preparación y las acciones de preparación resultantes es en gran parte desconocida. Se desconoce si los cambios de conciencia y actitudes han resultado en un verdadero cambio de comportamiento. Se recomienda que las actividades de preparación y la participación de los padres complementen las estrategias basadas en la información.

Keywords

Natural disasters; adolescents; children; resilience; risk communication; • This article presents an overview of relevant literature regarding how to communicate with children and adolescents about natural disasters.• Risk communication and disaster education can be offered at schools, through parental guidance, as informational campaigns and by using Internet and social media. More needs to be known about the influence of social factors on children’s risk perception and responses.• Children can be protagonists for action to reduce disaster risk in their communities. They can inform programmes concerning risk, as well as providing guidance about their needs following a disaster.• Suggestions for further investigations are offered, especially to clarify whether the various strategies promote behavioural changes.

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