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Journal Article

Citation

Oosterbaan V, Covers MLV, Bicanic IAE, Huntjens RJC, de Jongh A. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 2019; 10(1): e1682932.

Affiliation

Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, The Author(s), Publisher Co-action Publishing)

DOI

10.1080/20008198.2019.1682932

PMID

31762949

PMCID

PMC6853210

Abstract

Objective: To review the safety and efficacy of early interventions after sexual assault in reducing or preventing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: Systematic searches were performed on studies (1980-2018) that examined the efficacy of interventions for PTSD within 3 months after sexual assault. Results: The review identified 7 studies (n = 350) with high risk of bias that investigated 5 interventions. Only two studies reported on safety. Contact with the authors of six studies provided no indications for the occurrence of adverse events. Two studies reported the efficacy using PTSD diagnosis as dependent variable but found no difference between groups. All studies reported on efficacy using PTSD severity as dependent variable. For the meta-analysis, 4 studies (n = 293) were included yielding significantly greater reductions of PTSD severity than standard care at 2 to 12 months follow-up (g = -0.23, 95% CI [-0.46, 0.00]), but not at 1 to 6 weeks post-intervention (g = -0.28, 95% CI [-0.57, 0.02]). The heterogeneity of the interventions precluded further analyses. Discussion: Findings suggest that early interventions can lead to durable effects on PTSD severity after sexual assault. However, due to limited availability of data, it is impossible to draw definite conclusions about safety and efficacy of early interventions, and their potential to prevent PTSD.

© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.


Language: en


Objetivo: revisar la seguridad y eficacia de intervenciones tempranas tras abuso sexual para reducir o prevenir trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT).Método: se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas sobre estudios (1980-2018) que examinaron la eficacia de intervenciones para TEPT dentro de 3 meses tras un abuso sexual.Resultados: la revisión identificó 7 estudios (n=350) con alto riesgo de sesgos, que investigaron 5 intervenciones. Sólo 2 estudios reportaron sobre seguridad. El contacto con los autores de 6 estudios no proporcionó indicios de ocurrencia de eventos adversos. Dos estudios reportaron la eficacia de usar el diagnóstico de TEPT como una variable dependiente, pero no encontraron diferencias entre los grupos. Todos los estudios reportaron sobre eficacia usando la severidad de TEPT como variable dependiente. Para el meta-análisis, 4 estudios (n=293) fueron incluidos, brindando reducciones significativamente mayores de la severidad de TEPT que el cuidado estándar a los 2 y 12 meses de seguimiento (g=−0.23, 95% IC [−0.46, 0.00]), pero no respecto a 1 y 6 semanas post-intervención (g=−0.28, 95% IC [−0.57, 0.02]). La heterogeneidad de las intervenciones impidió mayores análisis.Discusión: los hallazgos sugieren que las intervenciones tempranas pueden llevar a efectos duraderos sobre la severidad de TEPT tras abuso sexual. Sin embargo, debido a la disponibilidad limitada de los datos, es imposible sacar conclusiones definitivas sobre la seguridad y eficacia de las intervenciones tempranas, y su potencial para prevenir TEPT.


Language: es


目的:探讨性侵害后早期干预在减少或预防创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)中的安全性和有效性。方法:系统检索了1980-2018年间考查了针对性侵害后3个月内PTSD干预措施有效性的研究。结果:本综述识别出考查了5种干预措施的7项研究(n = 350)具有高偏差风险。只有2项研究报告了安全性。与6项研究的作者进行的联系没有提供不良事件发生的指征。两项研究报告了使用PTSD诊断作为因变量的有效性,但未发现组间差异。所有研究都报告了使用PTSD严重程度作为因变量的有效性。对于元分析,入组了4项研究(n = 293),发现在2至12个月内的追踪调查中PTSD严重程度的降低明显强于标准护理(g = −0.23,95%CI [−0.46,0.00]),但在干预后1至6周内则无此效应(g = −0.28,95%CI [−0.57,0.02])。干预措施的异质性妨碍了进一步的分析。讨论:研究结果表明,早期干预可以对性侵害后PTSD严重程度产生持久影响。但是,由于数据的可用性有限,不可能就早期干预措施的安全性和有效性以及它们预防PTSD的潜力得出明确的结论。.


Language: zh

Keywords

Sexual assault; early intervention; meta-analysis; posttraumatic stress disorder; prevention; safety; • Seven studies have investigated early interventions post-rape.• The studies have a highly diverse design and a high risk of bias.• There is little data on safety and the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder.• Early intervention can potentially reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder.

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