@article{ref1,
title="Medical conditions associated with driving cessation in community-dwelling, ambulatory elders",
journal="Journal of gerontology",
year="1993",
author="Campbell, M. Karen and Bush, T. L. and Hale, W. E.",
volume="48",
number="4",
pages="S230-4",
abstract="The decision to stop driving leads to severe contraction of independence, and most localities do not curtail driving privileges in impaired elders. In a population of community-based, ambulatory individuals 70-96 years old, annual medical screening showed that 276 of 1,656 (16.7 +/- 1.8%) who reported driving regularly in the past do not currently drive. The cessation of driving behavior was examined in terms of specific medical conditions occurring within the past 5 years. Retired drivers were disproportionately female, and driving cessation risk rose with age. Age-sex-adjusted logistic regression found that six conditions explained about 50 percent of the decisions to stop driving: macular degeneration; retinal hemorrhage; any deficit in Activities of Daily Living; Parkinson's disease; stroke-related residual paralysis or weakness; and syncope. Strikingly, only 1.8 percent of those who stopped driving had ever had a license revoked; 58.7 percent reported voluntarily stopping; 31.9 percent gave health or medical reasons. Clearly, the decision to cede driving privileges is complex and not dependent solely on medical problems.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-1422",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}