@article{ref1,
title="Hands-free versus hand-held cell phone conversation on a braking response by young drivers",
journal="Perceptual and motor skills",
year="2007",
author="Hendrick, Joy L. and Switzer, Jamie R.",
volume="105",
number="2",
pages="514-522",
abstract="As some states allow motorists to use hands-free cell phones only while driving, this study was done to examine some braking responses to see if conversing on these two types of cell phones affects quick responding. College-age drivers (n=25) completed reaction time trials in go/no-go situations under three conditions: control (no cell phone or conversation), and conversing on hands-free and hand-held cell phones. Their task involved moving the right foot from one pedal to another as quickly as possible in response to a visual signal in a lab setting. Significantly slower reaction times, movement times, and total response times were found for both cell phone conditions than for the control but no differences between hands-free and hand-held phone conditions. These findings provide additional support that talking on cell phones, regardless if it is hands-free or hand-held, reduces speed of information processing.   Keywords: Driver distraction;<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0031-5125",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}