@article{ref1,
title="Recidivistic offending and mortality in alcoholic violent offenders: A prospective follow-up study",
journal="Psychiatry research",
year="2009",
author="Tikkanen, Roope and Holi, Matti and Lindberg, Nina and Tiihonen, Jari and Virkkunen, Matti",
volume="168",
number="1",
pages="18-25",
abstract="Predictive data supporting prevention of violent criminality are scarce. We examined risk factors for recidivism and mortality among non-psychotic alcoholic violent offenders, the majority having antisocial or borderline personality disorders, or both, which is a group that commits the majority of violent offenses in Finland. Criminal records and mortality data on 242 male alcoholic violent offenders were analysed after a 7- to 15-year follow-up, and compared between themselves and with those of 1210 age-, sex- and municipality-matched controls. Recidivism and mortality rates were high. The risk of recidivistic violence was increased by antisocial or borderline personality disorder, or both, childhood maltreatment, and a combination of these. A combination of borderline personality disorder and childhood maltreatment was particularly noxious, suggesting an additive risk increase for a poor outcome. Accurate diagnosis and careful childhood interview may help to predict recidivism and premature death.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-1781",
doi="10.1016/j.psychres.2008.02.009",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2008.02.009"
}