@article{ref1,
title="Headache complaints and the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors",
journal="Journal of nervous and mental disease",
year="2008",
author="Woolley, Stephen B. and Fredman, Lisa and Goethe, John W. and Lincoln, Alisa K. and Heeren, Timothy",
volume="196",
number="11",
pages="822-828",
abstract="The association between severe headaches and suicidal thoughts or behaviors is generally attributed to underlying depression, but it is plausible that severe headaches can lead to suicidal thoughts/behaviors, independent of the effects of psychiatric conditions. This association has been observed in only 1 previous study. Our multivariate analysis examined the longitudinal association between severe headaches and development of suicidal thoughts/behaviors over a period of 1 to 2 years among 6832 community-dwelling adults interviewed during the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. Severe headaches were significantly associated with developing suicidal thoughts/behaviors after adjusting for psychiatric diagnoses and demographics [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04, 2.11], or additionally adjusting for interaction between anxiety and depression (ORa = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.16). These results suggest that individuals with severe headaches should be screened for suicidal thoughts/behaviors, irrespective of the presence of a psychiatric condition.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3018",
doi="10.1097/NMD.0b013e31818b4e4f",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e31818b4e4f"
}