@article{ref1,
title="Is the trimodal pattern of death after trauma a dated concept in the 21st century? Trauma deaths in Auckland 2004",
journal="Injury",
year="2008",
author="Pang, Jia-Min and Civil, I. and Ng, Alex and Adams, D. and Koelmeyer, Timothy",
volume="39",
number="1",
pages="102-106",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the classical trimodal distribution of trauma deaths is still applicable in a contemporary urban New Zealand trauma system. METHODS: All trauma deaths in the greater Auckland region between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2004 were identified and reviewed. Data was obtained from hospital trauma registries, coroner autopsy reports and police reports. RESULTS: There were 186 trauma deaths. The median age was 28.5 years and the median Injury Severity Score was 25. The predominant mechanisms of injury were hanging (36%), motor vehicle crashes (31.7%), falls (9.7%), pedestrian-vehicle injury (5.4%), stabbing (4.3%), motorcycle crashes (3.2%), and pedestrian-train injury (2.2%). Most deaths were from central nervous system injury (71.5%), haemorrhage (15.6%), and airway/ventilation compromise (3.8%). Multi-organ failure accounted for 1.6% of deaths. Most deaths occurred in the pre-hospital setting (80.6%) with a gradual decrease thereafter. CONCLUSION: There was a skew towards early deaths. The trimodal distribution of trauma deaths was not demonstrated in this group of patients.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0020-1383",
doi="10.1016/j.injury.2007.05.022",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2007.05.022"
}