@article{ref1,
title="Fear during labor: the impact of sexual abuse in adult life",
journal="Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology",
year="2008",
author="Eberhard-Gran, Malin and Slinning, Kari and Eskild, A.",
volume="29",
number="4",
pages="258-261",
abstract="Our aim was to study the occurrence of extreme fear during labor and its association with previous sexual abuse in adult life. All postpartum women (n = 414) in two municipalities in Norway participated in a questionnaire study. Self-reported fear during labor was categorized as &quot;no fear/some fear/extreme fear&quot;. Sexual abuse was measured by the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS). Three percent of the women reported extreme fear during labor, 13% some fear and 84% no fear. In total, 12% had been sexually abused as an adult. Among the women with extreme fear during labor, however, one third had a history of sexual abuse in adult life (crude odds ratio 3.7; 95% CI: 1.0-3.7). When controlling for depression in pregnancy, duration of labor and mode of delivery, the adjusted odds ratio for extreme fear during labor was 4.9 (95% CI: 1.2-19.1). The results suggest that women with a history of sexual abuse in adult life have an increased risk of extreme fear during labor.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0167-482X",
doi="10.1080/01674820802075998",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01674820802075998"
}