@article{ref1,
title="Specification, estimation and validation of a pedestrian walking behavior model",
journal="Transportation research part B: methodological",
year="2009",
author="Cruz, Jorge and Bierlaire, Michel and Antonini, Gianluca and Robin, Th.",
volume="43",
number="1",
pages="36-56",
abstract="We propose and validate a model for pedestrian walking behavior, based on discrete choice modeling. Two main types of behavior are identified: unconstrained and constrained. By unconstrained, we refer to behavior patterns which are independent from other individuals. The constrained patterns are captured by a leader–follower model and by a collision avoidance model. The spatial correlation between the alternatives is captured by a cross nested logit model. The model is estimated by maximum likelihood estimation on a real data set of pedestrian trajectories, manually tracked from video sequences. The model is successfully validated using a bi-directional flow data set, collected in controlled experimental conditions at Delft university. Keywords: Walking; Pedestrian; Operational level; Microscopic model; Behavior model; Discrete choice model; Forecast model; Cross nested logit model; Dynamic choice set; Specification; Real data; Estimation; Validation; Cross-validation<p />",
language="en",
issn="0191-2615",
doi="10.1016/j.trb.2008.06.010",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2008.06.010"
}