@article{ref1,
title="Studies on aluminum-made chassis-type frame model of a tractor I: Comparative static strength analysis and mass reduction",
journal="Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers",
year="1999",
author="Yoda, A and Takigawa, Tomihisa and Koike, M and Muhaemin, M",
volume="42",
number="5",
pages="1229-1238",
abstract="In order to reduce tractor mass, an aluminum alloy was adopted for a tractor frame model instead of steel. To investigate its strength characteristics, numerical approach using the finite element method (FEM) and the experimental trial frame with a scale factor of 1:2 were conducted. The FEM results showed that the aluminum frame in this specific model, which is 20% lighter, is capable of providing higher strength than that of steel. In terms of stiffness, the aluminum model was 60% and 33% better compared with that of steel in lateral and torsional loading, respectively. Despite these data, however, it exhibited 12% higher deflection for vertical loading. These FEM results encouraged practical potentiality for design improvement as far as these loading tests are concerned. Safety issues are discussed.<p />",
language="",
issn="0001-2351",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}