@article{ref1,
title="Influence of deployable hood systems on finite element modelled brain response for vulnerable road users",
journal="International journal of vehicle safety",
year="2009",
author="Fredriksson, Rikard and Zhang, Linhe and Boström, Ola",
volume="4",
number="1",
pages="29-44",
abstract="Using full-scale Polar II adult dummy tests as input, a free-flying angled head-to-hood component test method was developed, and tests were performed at two different impact configurations at a test speed of 40 km/h. Both linear and rotational head acceleration were measured and used to drive the Wayne State University Head Injury Model (WSUHIM). The dummy tests showed small pre-impact head accelerations (<1000 rad s−2) and neck moments (<35 Nm). In all dummy tests, the rotational acceleration reached the highest levels about the X-axis. For a small under-hood clearance and using three different head impact configurations (one dummy and two impactors), a strain level of 0.35 was experienced by 22-42% of the brain volume; for a large under-hood distance, a strain level of 0.35 was experienced by only 2-5% of the brain volume at some time during the event (approximately a ten-fold reduction).<p />",
language="en",
issn="1479-3105",
doi="10.1504/IJVS.2009.026972",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2009.026972"
}