@article{ref1,
title="In severely suicidal young adults, hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation constitute a single syndrome",
journal="Psychological medicine",
year="2006",
author="Shahar, Golan and Bareket, Liad and Rudd, Michael David and Joiner, Thomas E.",
volume="36",
number="7",
pages="913-922",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Despite voluminous research on the role of hopelessness and depression in suicidality, a systematic examination of various causal models pertaining to these variables is conspicuous in its absence. METHOD: The directions of relationships between the three variables were examined by means of a prospective-longitudinal, cross-lagged, three-wave design in a severely suicidal young adults. RESULTS: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses revealed synchronous, but not longitudinal, associations between hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: In severely suicidal young adults, the three clinical constructs appear to constitute a single depressive syndrome.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0033-2917",
doi="10.1017/S0033291706007586",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291706007586"
}