@article{ref1,
title="The effects of cigarette smoking on the response to stress in a driving simulator",
journal="British journal of pharmacology",
year="1972",
author="Ashton, H. and Savage, R. D. and Telford, R. and Thompson, Jerome W. and Watson, Donnie W.",
volume="45",
number="3",
pages="546-556",
abstract="1. Some behavioural and physiological responses of cigarette smokers and non-smokers exposed to varying degrees of stress in a driving simulator were compared.2. When the smokers were smoking a cigarette, some of their reaction times to light signals differed significantly from those of non-smokers, some being longer and some shorter. These differences disappeared when the smokers were not smoking.3. Of the physiological measurements, only heart rate differed significantly between smokers and non-smokers, being higher at all levels of stress in the smokers. There were no significant differences in blood pressure, calf blood flow and respiration rate between smokers and non-smokers.4. The results of the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire showed that the smokers were significantly more extroverted and self-reliant than the non-smokers.5. The results are discussed in relation to the pharmacology of cigarette smoking. It is concluded that the differences in reaction times and heart rates between smokers and non-smokers were a consequence of cigarette smoking.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-1188",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}