@article{ref1,
title="Static and dynamic impact trauma of the human larynx",
journal="Transactions - Section on Otolaryngology",
year="1975",
author="Travis, L. W. and Olson, N. R. and Melvin, J. W. and Snyder, R. G.",
volume="80",
number="4 Pt 1",
pages="382-390",
abstract="The response of fresh human larynges to static and dynamic compressive loading has been determined for 24 specimens. Mean static force values producing thyroid and cricoid cartilage fractures were 15.8 and 20.8 kg, respectively, and the similarity of this experimental injury to a mild clinical laryngeal fracture syndrome is discussed. Dynamic fracture loading, at velocities up to 11 mph, caused cartilage fractures at forces averaging 30% more, and comparison with the static data is made. Interaction of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages to impact force are analyzed in reference to airway protection. The 50% compressive strain level, at which structural collapse is imminent, averaged 55 kg. The significance of these previously unreported low force levels producing fracture is discussed with reference to automotive design.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0161-696X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}