@article{ref1,
title="Driver and right-front passenger restraint system interaction, injury potential, and thoracic injury prediction",
journal="Annual proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine",
year="2000",
author="Kent, Richard W. and Crandall, Jeffrey Richard and Bolton, James R. and Duma, Stefan M.",
volume="44",
number="",
pages="261-282",
abstract="Restrained driver and right-front passenger kinematics and injury outcome in frontal collisions are compared using FARS data and human cadaver sled tests. The FARS data indicate that a frontal airbag may provide greater benefit for a passenger than for a driver. The thoracic injuries sustained by passenger subjects restrained by a force-limited, pretensioned belt and airbag are evaluated, and kinematics are compared to driver-side subjects. The injury-predictive ability of existing thoracic injury criteria is evaluated for passenger-side occupants. Driver and passenger kinematic differences are identified and the implications are discussed. The chest acceleration of the passenger-side subjects exhibited a bimodal profile with an initial (and global) maximum before the subject loaded the airbag. A second acceleration peak occurred as the subject loaded both the belt and the airbag. A similarly restrained driver-side subject loaded the belt and airbag concurrently at the time of peak chest acceleration and therefore did not exhibit this bimodal chest acceleration.",
language="",
issn="1540-0360",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}