@article{ref1,
title="Acute phencyclidine intoxication: incidence of clinical findings in 1,000 cases",
journal="Annals of emergency medicine",
year="1981",
author="McCarron, M. M. and Schulze, B. W. and Thompson, G. A. and Conder, M. C. and Goetz, W. A.",
volume="10",
number="5",
pages="237-242",
abstract="In 1,000 cases of phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication evaluated at the time of first examination in an emergency department, the incidence of &quot;typical&quot; findings was found to be lower than has been reported previously. Nystagmus and hypertension occurred in only 57% of our cases; some patients had only one of these findings and many had neither. The incidence of violence was 35%; bizarre behavior, 29%; and agitation, 34%. Changes in sensorium consisted of coma, lethargy/stupor, and acute brain syndrome; however, 46% of patients were alert and oriented. Motor signs included grand mal seizures, generalized rigidity, localized dystonias, catalepsy, and athetosis. Profuse diaphoresis, hypersalivation, bronchospasm, and urinary retention occurred in less than 5%. A small percentage had severe disturbances in vital signs, including three cases (0.3%) of cardiac arrest and 28 cases (2.8%) of apnea. Hypoglycemia and elevated serum CPK, uric acid, and SGOT/SPGT were common. Urine PCP levels did not correlate with the severity of the clinical findings.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0196-0644",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}