@article{ref1,
title="Hand injuries in children presenting to a pediatric emergency department",
journal="Annals of emergency medicine",
year="1993",
author="Bhende, M. S. and Dandrea, L. A. and Davis, H. W.",
volume="22",
number="10",
pages="1519-1523",
abstract="STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of pediatric hand injuries. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Emergency department of a children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS: All patients with a final diagnosis of hand injury from July through December 1989. INTERVENTIONS: None. RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-four patients (287 boys and 177 girls; median age, 10 years) with a total of 477 hand injuries were enrolled in the study. The most common types of injuries were lacerations (38.1%), soft tissue injuries (28.7%), and fractures (19.3%) and sprains (8%); most (60.8%) were sustained at home. Children with lacerations and burns were significantly younger than those with other types of hand injuries (P < .0001). Children with fractures, sprains, and sports injuries were significantly older than those with other types of hand injuries (P < .001). The fifth finger was the most commonly fractured digit (37%), and the fifth metacarpal was the most commonly fractured bone (P < .01). Boys were more likely than girls to sustain sports-related injuries (P < .05) and hand injuries resulting from first fights (P < .01). More hand injuries were associated with American football than with any other organized sport (P < .01). All but 16 children (3.4%) were managed as outpatients. CONCLUSION: Hand trauma accounts for a significant number of pediatric ED visits. Physicians caring for children in the ED setting must be prepared to manage a wide spectrum of pediatric hand injuries.",
language="en",
issn="0196-0644",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}