@article{ref1,
title="Deaths allegedly caused by the use of "choke holds" (shime-waza)",
journal="Journal of forensic sciences",
year="1987",
author="Koiwai, E. K.",
volume="32",
number="2",
pages="419-432",
abstract="Shime-waza or the &quot;choke hold&quot;, when properly applied, should not cause death; therefore, its primary purpose should be to subdue violent suspects. When properly applied, the choke hold causes unconsciousness in 10 to 20 s. No fatalities as a result of shime-waza have been reported in the sport of judo since its inception in 1882. Among the methods of &quot;control holds&quot; taught to law enforcement officers is the choke hold similar or identical to shime-waza used in judo. Using the choke hold, officers may afford themselves maximum safety while subjecting the suspect to a minimum possibility of injury. The author has reviewed 14 fatalities with autopsy findings where death was allegedly caused by the use of choke holds.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-1198",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}