@article{ref1,
title="What picture is worth a thousand words? A comparative evaluation of a burn prevention programme by type of medium in Israel",
journal="Health promotion international",
year="2003",
author="Shani, E. and Ayalon, Ariel and Hammad, Itzhak Abu and Sikron, Fabienne",
volume="18",
number="4",
pages="361-371",
abstract="Burns are associated with longer hospital stay,  permanent disfigurement and emotional stress disorders, and represent a health  problem, especially among economically and socially deprived populations, such  as the Bedouin population in Israel, hence the importance of intervention  programmes. The objective of this research was to examine the extent to which  the effect of a visual one-session burn prevention programme was determined by  the type of medium used. We also examined the possibility that fear motivates  action only when someone feels confident in his/her ability to control the  threat. Data were based on the pre-/post-programme self-report questionnaires  administered to a randomly selected three-group sample of 12- to 13-year-old  Bedouin children (n=179). All three sessions were identical, but differed in the  type of medium used: slides (S), video (V), or slides and video consecutively (S  + V). We measured health beliefs (perceived threat, internal/external control,  self-efficacy) and sense of coherence (SOC), both before and 2 months after  completion of the intervention. We also measured post-programme fear reaction  and the improvement in burn-related knowledge, understanding and safety  behaviour as the outcome measure. No significant post-programme differences  between intervention groups were found, either in terms of outcome measure or in  terms of health beliefs and SOC. However, within- person analysis indicated that  the S group participants had the highest level of post-exposure fear and a  decrease in luck control over injuries. The S + V group demonstrated the lowest  within change. The hierarchical regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy,  fear, higher socio-economic status and female gender predicted improvement. As  hypothesized, the interaction between fear and self-efficacy added significantly  to prediction. It seems that health beliefs and demographic characteristics were  more powerful in predicting the effect of the intervention than the choice of  medium per se. A multifaceted approach and more comprehensive interventions are  needed in order to promote health among disadvantaged  populations.",
language="",
issn="0957-4824",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}