@article{ref1,
title="Mucosal hemorrhage of the larynx in strangulation and other causes of death",
journal="Beitrage zur Gerichtlichen Medizin",
year="1989",
author="Maxeiner, H.",
volume="47",
number="",
pages="429-435",
abstract="Report of the occurrence of bleedings (petechiae, ekchymoses and large bleedings) of the laryngeal mucosa in cases of attacks against the neck (strangulation by hand or ligation, blunt forces; n = 110) and in a continuous series of autopsies of medicolegal cases (natural and violent deaths; n = 1000). In this series altogether in 5.6% bleedings were present; in natural death (5.5%) mostly petechiae due to congestion, in death by force (5.8%) hemorrhages due to direct or indirect laryngeal trauma. A frequent cause of laryngeal bleedings was intubation during reanimation. In the section of strangulation mucosal hemorrhage was present in every second case (altogether 68 cases): petechiae (n = 30), ekchymosis (n = 10), both types together (13) and large bleedings (n = 15), mostly in the elastic conus. Special types are symmetrical bleedings of the vocal folds and/or the deeper parts of the laryngeal mucosa as a result of lateral laryngeal compression (they point at airway obstruction); furthermore lare hemorrhages behind (and insides) the PCA muscles following pressure of the larynx against the spine. With increasing intensity of laryngeal compression (especially due to cricoid fracture) rises the portion of broad extravasates; petechial bleedings most frequently are in strangulation by ligature.<p /><p>Language: de</p>",
language="de",
issn="0067-5016",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}