@article{ref1,
title="Outcome 1 to 3 years after severe traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents",
journal="Injury",
year="1991",
author="Boyer, M. G. and Edwards, P.",
volume="22",
number="4",
pages="315-320",
abstract="This study reports a consecutive series of 220 children and adolescents who sustained traumatic brain injury (BI) and were admitted to a comprehensive paediatric rehabilitation programme. Progress in areas of mobility, activities of daily living, education and cognitive function were documented for up to 3 years after the injury. Physical recovery was most rapid in the first years and cognitive and language gains generally occurred later, even up to 3 years after the injury. Cognitive assessment at the time of admission proved helpful in predicting outcome; of those patients admitted in a conscious state only one remained dependent for any aspect of self care. Even for those admitted unconscious at a median of 62 days after injury there was good potential for recovery with 27-43 per cent achieving independence in the activities of daily living. For those still unconscious at 6 months, 72 per cent remained vegetative and none achieved the highest cognitive level. Overall, 14 per cent returned to regular education while 25 per cent remained incapable of any educational programme. In a well planned and multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme, patients with severe BI have potential for continued recovery and measurable improvement for at least 3 years. The emphasis should be targeted on differing areas of the therapy programme at different phases of recovery. A realistic appraisal of the ultimate potential for recovery can usually be made by 6 months.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0020-1383",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}