@article{ref1,
title="Predictors of blinding or serious eye injury in blunt trauma",
journal="Journal of trauma",
year="1992",
author="Joseph, E. and Zak, R. and Smith, Stewart and Best, W. R. and Gamelli, R. L. and Dries, D. J.",
volume="33",
number="1",
pages="19-24",
abstract="Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors predicting injury and visual outcome in 94 blunt trauma patients evaluated for eye injuries among 6700 admissions to a level I trauma center over a 29-month period. Patients with penetrating eye injuries were excluded from this review. Eye injury was detected in 93% or 87 of the patients evaluated. Seven percent of eye injuries resulted in blindness, 22% were serious (visual acuity between 20/40 and 20/200 or eye injury requiring surgery), and 71% were temporary (final visual acuity of 20/40 or better). The presence of an afferent pupillary defect or a nonreactive pupil was the most important factor in predicting the severity of eye injury (p = 0.0023), followed by facial fractures (p = 0.0084), and no eye opening or eye opening to pain within the Glasgow Coma Scale (p = 0.02). Eye injury is an infrequent complication of blunt trauma. Appropriate consultation for evaluation of this problem can be obtained based on findings from the initial history and screening physical examination.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-5282",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}