@article{ref1,
title="A Comparison of Three Methods for Identifying Transport-Based Exclusion: A Case Study of Children's Access to Urban Opportunities in Erie and Niagara Counties, New York",
journal="International journal of sustainable transportation",
year="2009",
author="Weber, John and Horner, Mark W. and Casas, Irene",
volume="3",
number="4",
pages="227-245",
abstract="Achieving transport sustainability is contingent on many factors, including transportation services being provided equitably regardless of race, income, gender, disability, and/or any other differentiating characteristics. A major risk of inequitable service provision is that without sufficient accessibility via transport, populations are put at a disadvantage, which may result in conditions of exclusion. At the present time, however, the dimensions of transport-based social exclusion are not fully understood, and the elusive nature of the concept renders it difficult to quantify. In this paper, three methods for identifying transport-excluded populations are examined and compared. The first follows a traditional approach to identifying disadvantaged groups by means of an inequality index based on deprivation. The other two techniques are accessibility-based, and work with a detailed travel diary data set. The study is conducted in the counties of Erie and Niagara, New York, and the population examined is composed of children between the ages of 5 and 18 years old. The results reveal how the models differentially identify excluded populations and should inform planners and practitioners of the implications for choosing between these different approaches.<p />",
language="",
issn="1556-8318",
doi="10.1080/15568310802158761",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15568310802158761"
}