@article{ref1,
title="The validity of a road test after stroke",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2005",
author="Akinwuntan, Abiodun Emmanuel and De Weerdt, Willy and Feys, Hilde and Baten, Guido and Arno, Patricia and Kiekens, Carlotte",
volume="86",
number="3",
pages="421-426",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To determine the validity of a road test performed by stroke patients in Belgium and to reestablish its reliability. DESIGN: Prospective study of a predriving evaluation. SETTING: University hospital in Belgium. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-eight patients with sequelae of first-ever stroke. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Performance in the Stroke Driver Screening Assessment (SDSA) and on a road test. RESULTS: Interrater reliability of the road test subitems was moderate to substantial (weighted kappa range, .44-.78). Item-per-item reliability varied from moderately high (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.63) to very high (ICC=.87). The reliability of the overall performance in the road test was very high (ICC=.83). For the criterion validity of the road test, 78.9% of the subjects were correctly classified when the judgments of the principal evaluator were compared with outcomes of the SDSA. Agreement in classification between the principal evaluator and a state-registered evaluator's judgments was 81.6%. The sensitivity and specificity of the agreement were very high (80.6%) and perfect (100%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The road test is a reliable and valid test of driving ability after stroke.",
language="",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2004.04.047",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.04.047"
}