@article{ref1,
title="The 3D path of body centre of mass during adult human walking on force treadmill",
journal="Journal of biomechanics",
year="2010",
author="Tesio, Luigi and Rota, Viviana and Chessa, Cecilia and Perucca, Laura",
volume="43",
number="5",
pages="938-944",
abstract="Three-dimensional (3D) path of the body centre of mass (CM) over an entire stride was computed from ground reaction forces during walking at constant average speed on a treadmill mounted on 3D force sensors. Data were obtained from 18 healthy adults at speeds ranging from 0.30 to 1.40ms(-1), in 0.1ms(-1) increments. Six subsequent strides were analyzed for each subject and speed (total strides=1296). The test session lasted about 30min (10min for walking). The CM path had an upward concave figure-of-eight shape that was highly consistent within and across subjects. Vertical displacement of the CM increased monotonically as a function of walking speed. The forward and particularly lateral displacements of the CM showed a U-shaped relationship to speed. The same held for the total 3D displacement (25.6-16.0cm, depending on the speed). The results provide normative benchmarks and suggest hypotheses for further physiologic and clinical research. The familiar inverted pendulum model might be expanded to gyroscopic, &quot;spin-and-turn&quot; models. Abnormalities of the 3D path might flag motor impairments and recovery.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0021-9290",
doi="10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.10.049",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.10.049"
}