@article{ref1,
title="The prevalence and nature of violent offending by females",
journal="Journal of criminal justice",
year="2003",
author="Koons-Witt, B. A. and Schram, P. J.",
volume="31",
number="4",
pages="361-371",
abstract="The purpose of the current study was to examine the nature and prevalence of violent offending by females. Using National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data from 1998, this study examined the relationship between cooffending and type of offense as well as the type of weapon(s) used during violent incidents and the race of the perpetrators. The findings suggest that females are more likely to be involved in aggravated assaults compared with robberies and murder or nonnegligent manslaughter. This is particularly true for females who commit their violent crimes alone. When females cooffend with other females or males, however, they are more likely to commit robberies. Overall females are more likely to be involved in violent incidents where either personal weapons or knives are used. When females cooffend with males, however, more likely to be involved in incidents with guns. Finally, the current study found that Black females were more likely to commit violent offenses with other females, whereas White females were more likely to commit violent offenses with males.<p />",
language="",
issn="0047-2352",
doi="10.1016/S0047-2352(03)00028-X",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2352(03)00028-X"
}