@article{ref1,
title="School violence reduction: a model Jamaican secondary school program",
journal="Community mental health journal",
year="1997",
author="Sacco, Frank C. and Twemlow, S. W.",
volume="33",
number="3",
pages="229-234",
abstract="Violence in United States' schools is epidemic. Solutions are rare. Community mental health centers are now being challenged to become part of the solution. The Montego Bay Secondary School project presents an example of how violence reduction can be achieved using almost no physical resources and the special effect, called the &quot;Bruno Effect&quot;, created by one Jamaican police officer with the consultation of a psychodynamically-led training and intervention team. The &quot;Bruno Effect&quot; resulted in a dramatic reduction in the number of physical attacks from an observed 5 fights per day (3 out of the 5 involved knives and cutting) to 1 per week. The violence rate returned immediately to its former level as soon as &quot;Bruno&quot; left the school. The dramatic violence reduction appears related to establishing an adult protective shield. Results stem from the unique personality of the adult protector, as well as a combination of the special role of the police and the outside intervention team.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0010-3853",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}