@article{ref1,
title="Direct impact simulations of diffuse axonal injury by axial head model",
journal="JSAE review",
year="2000",
author="Nishimoto, T. and Murakami, Shigeyuki",
volume="21",
number="1",
pages="117-123",
abstract="This paper discusses the relation between head injury and the Head Injury Criterion (HIC), which is widely used as a vehicle crash safety standard, and considers the importance in traffic accidents of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which exhibits symptoms of conscious disturbance. In our analytical study reported in this paper, we constructed a two-dimensional computer model reproducing an axial section of the human head to analyze causes of DAI. Simulation results of applying direct impacts to the head by an impactor are reported. We found that, although DAI has been widely believed to be caused by rotational impacts, it can also be caused by translational direct impacts due to the influence of internal head structures.<p />",
language="",
issn="0389-4304",
doi="10.1016/S0389-4304(99)00079-X",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0389-4304(99)00079-X"
}