@article{ref1,
title="Children having children: Outcome of extreme teenage pregnancies (13-15 years)",
journal="Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica",
year="2009",
author="Papamicheal, Esther and Pillai, Rekha and Yoong, Wai",
volume="88",
number="11",
pages="1284-1287",
abstract="A case-control study was conducted to compare obstetric and fetal outcomes of teenage mothers <or=15 years (n=35) with those from older teenagers between 16 and 19 years (n=35) and mothers between 20 and 30 years (n = 35) matched for ethnicity and parity. Teenage mothers <or=15 years were significantly more likely to come from single-parent families and twice as likely to have experienced childhood sexual or physical abuse compared to those over 16 years (both p <0.0001). They attended antenatal appointments later than older teenagers (23+/-7 weeks vs. 18+/-7 weeks, p <0.05), had fewer visits (p<0.05), were more likely to undergo emergency cesarean section (25.7% vs. 5.7% vs. 8.6%, p <0.05) and to have a higher rate of perineal trauma (45.7% vs. 20.0% vs. 25.7%, p<0.05). However, all three groups delivered babies of comparable birthweights (3.2+/-0.5 kg vs. 3.1+/-0.7 kg vs. 3.3+/-0.6 kg, p >0.05) at similar gestations (39+/-4 weeks vs. 39+/-2 weeks vs. 39+/-3 weeks, p >0.05).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-6349",
doi="10.3109/00016340903229427",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016340903229427"
}