@article{ref1,
title="Recurrence of major depression in adolescence and early adulthood, and later mental health, educational and economic outcomes",
journal="British journal of psychiatry",
year="2007",
author="Fergusson, D. M. and Boden, Joseph M. and Horwood, L. J.",
volume="191",
number="",
pages="335-342",
abstract="BACKGROUND: It is unclear how the recurrence of major depression in adolescence affects later life outcomes. AIMS: To examine the associations between the frequency of major depression at ages 16-21 and later outcomes, both before and after controlling for potentially confounding factors. METHOD: Data were gathered from a 25-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand children (n=982). Outcome measures included DSM-IV symptom criteria for major depression and anxiety disorders, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide, achieving university degree or other tertiary education qualification, welfare dependence and unemployment, and income at ages 21-25 years. RESULTS: There were significant (P<0.05) associations between the frequency of depression at ages 16-21 years and all outcome measures. After adjustment for confounding factors, the association between frequency of depression and all mental health outcomes, and welfare dependence and unemployment, remained significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of depression in adolescence and young adulthood is associated with adverse mental health and economic outcomes in early adulthood.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-1250",
doi="10.1192/bjp.bp.107.036079",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.036079"
}