@article{ref1,
title="Seasonal mood changes in 250 normal women",
journal="Psychiatry research",
year="1993",
author="Harris, Sandra and Dawson-Hughes, B.",
volume="49",
number="1",
pages="77-87",
abstract="A 1-year prospective study of seasonal mood changes was conducted in 250 female Boston area residents, aged 43 to 72, who were participants in a study of vitamin D supplementation. Each woman completed the Profile of Mood States questionnaire at four study visits. There were significant changes over the year in scores for Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, Fatigue-Inertia, and Confusion-Bewilderment. These scores were all highest or &quot;worst&quot; in the fall and lowest in the spring or summer. Worse mood scores were associated with fewer hours of sleep. Serum thyroxine was positively associated with higher Depression-Dejection scores in August through November and with higher (better) Vigor-Activity scores in February through May. Supplementation with 400 IU of vitamin D did not appear to affect levels or changes in mood scores.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-1781",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}