@article{ref1,
title="Pediatric anthropometrics are inconsistent with current guidelines for assessing rider fit on all-terrain vehicles",
journal="Accident analysis and prevention",
year="2010",
author="Bernard, Andrew C. and Mullineaux, David R. and Auxier, James T. and Forman, Jennifer L. and Shapiro, Robert and Pienkowski, David",
volume="42",
number="4",
pages="1220-1225",
abstract="BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This study sought to establish objective anthropometric measures of fit or misfit for young riders on adult and youth-sized all-terrain vehicles and use these metrics to test the unproved historical reasoning that age alone is a sufficient measure of rider-ATV fit. METHODS: Male children (6-11 years, n=8; and 12-15 years, n=11) were selected by convenience sampling. Rider-ATV fit was quantified by five measures adapted from published recommendations: (1) standing-seat clearance, (2) hand size, (3) foot vs. foot-brake position, (4) elbow angle, and (5) handlebar-to-knee distance. RESULTS: Youths aged 12-15 years fit the adult-sized ATV better than the ATV Safety Institute recommended age-appropriate youth model (63% of subjects fit all 5 measures on adult-sized ATV vs. 20% on youth-sized ATV). Youths aged 6-11 years fit poorly on ATVs of both sizes (0% fit all 5 parameters on the adult-sized ATV vs 12% on the youth-sized ATV). CONCLUSIONS: The ATV Safety Institute recommends rider-ATV fit according to age and engine displacement, but no objective data linking age or anthropometrics with ATV engine or frame size has been previously published. Age alone is a poor predictor of rider-ATV fit; the five metrics used offer an improvement compared to current recommendations.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-4575",
doi="10.1016/j.aap.2010.01.015",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.01.015"
}