@article{ref1,
title="Seizure-related injuries in a group of young people with epilepsy wearing protective helmets: incidence, types and circumstances",
journal="Seizure",
year="2005",
author="Deekollu, D. and Besag, Frank M. C. and Aylett, S. E.",
volume="14",
number="5",
pages="347-353",
abstract="PURPOSE: To provide information on the incidence, types and circumstances of injuries sustained in a group of young people with epilepsy using protective helmets. METHODS: Thirty-three residential students (21 M, 12 F, age range 5-21, mean 14.5 years) attending a special epilepsy centre over 1 year were provided with helmets. The types of protective measures, seizure frequency, types of injuries, circumstances and outcome were recorded. RESULTS: Fourteen thousand seven hundred and fifty-one seizures were recorded in the 33 patients, which resulted in 59 injuries. The seizure-related injury risk was 4/1000 seizures. Scalp and facial bruises were the commonest injury (51%). Additional protective measures, such as bed guards and padding of dinner tables and sinks, were used for 57% of these students. Helmets were in use in 46% of the accidents; 68% of these accidents resulted in facial or scalp injuries, which required medical attention in 48%. Helmets were not in use in 41% of accidents; 57% of these accidents resulted in facial or scalp injuries, which required medical attention in 36%. Data on wearing of helmets in the accidents were unavailable in 13%. CONCLUSIONS: Injuries continue to occur despite the use of helmets. Changes to the helmet design and modifications to suit the seizure type may improve the protection offered by helmets.",
language="",
issn="1059-1311",
doi="10.1016/j.seizure.2005.04.008",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2005.04.008"
}