@article{ref1,
title="Alcohol and/or benzodiazepine use: different accidents-different impacts?",
journal="Human psychopharmacology",
year="2005",
author="Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang and Kurzthaler, Ilsemarie and Kemmler, G. and Pavlic, Marion and Haidekker, Alexander and Sperner-Unterweger, Barbara and Sperner, Gernot and Golser, Karl and Wambacher, Markus",
volume="20",
number="8",
pages="583-589",
abstract="1611 patients were included in this investigation. 16.7% of the patients were involved in traffic accidents, 38.2% were injured by a sudden fall, 3.5% were involved in an act of violence, 22.8% were injured by a sports related accident and 18.9% were hurt within a work-related accident. 19.5% of the patients tested positive for alcohol, 5.2% tested positive for benzodiazepines and 1.4% tested positive for both substances. Blood samples were positive for alcohol in 27% males and 7.7% females and for benzodiazepines in 6.3% males and in 3.5% females. The mean blood alcohol concentration (BAC) as well as the mean benzodiazepine plasma level were higher in patients injured in violent accidents compared to the other injury groups.  <p>This study provides epidemiologic information about the relationship between specific kinds of accidents and alcohol and/or benzodiazepine use in a large probability sample of emergency room patients. We found a high number of patients using alcohol, and a lower but still relavant number of benzodiazepine users in this large and unselected traumatology ER sample. This study adds evidence to the existing literature about the co-occurance of alcohol and/or benzodiazepine consumption and accident-related injuries.</p>",
language="",
issn="0885-6222",
doi="10.1002/hup.736",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.736"
}