@article{ref1,
title="Blindness after facial trauma",
journal="Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics",
year="1996",
author="Zachariades, N. and Papavassiliou, D. and Christopoulos, P.",
volume="81",
number="1",
pages="34-37",
abstract="Blindness after facial fractures has been reported to occur with an incidence that ranges between 0.67% and 3% depending on the reporting institution. To verify this finding we undertook a retrospective chart review of 5936 patients with facial fractures that occurred over a 12 1/2-year period. We found that vision in 19 eyes were lost in 18 patients. Vision loss was more frequently encountered in Le Fort III level fractures (2.2%) followed distantly by Le Fort II level fractures (0.64%), and zygomatic fractures (0.45%). The cause of blindness was most frequently associated with motor vehicle accidents and gunshot injuries. Injuries of this type require immediate and prompt consultation by the ophthalmologic surgery service.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1079-2104",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}