@article{ref1,
title="Suicide behind bars - an international review",
journal="Psychiatrische Praxis",
year="2006",
author="Matschnig, Teresa and Fruhwald, Stefan and Frottier, Patrick",
volume="33",
number="1",
pages="6-13",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: International surveys found an increase of mentally disordered individuals in correctional institutions. As a consequence, suicides and suicide rates in jails and prisons are increasing. Mental health services and criminal justice authorities have identified this problem, but there is a lack of knowledge concerning risk factors for inmate suicides and practicable prevention. METHOD: A literature research was conducted through "medline" searching for studies addressing the problem of jail and/or prison suicide. Subsequently, results of relevant surveys were compared and depicted in several tables. RESULTS: Suicide rates in correctional facilities significantly exceed those in the general male population. Suicide rates in custody have been increasing within the last decades. Pre-trial prisoners have the highest suicide risk within the total prison population. Long-term sentences, single-cell use, mental illness, substance abuse and a history of suicidality are associated with an increased suicide risk. DISCUSSION: The impact of suicide prevention strategies and future directions of research in this high-risk setting are highlighted.",
language="",
issn="0303-4259",
doi="10.1055/s-2004-834784",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-834784"
}