@article{ref1,
title="The impact of procurement-driven technological change on U.S. manufacturing productivity growth",
journal="Defence and peace economics",
year="2001",
author="Saal, David S.",
volume="12",
number="6",
pages="537-568",
abstract="As we enter the 21st Century, technologies originally developed for defense purposes such as computers and satellite communications appear to have become a driving force behind economic growth in the United States. Paradoxically, almost all previous econometric models suggest that the largely defense-oriented federal industrial R&D funding that helped create these technologies had no discernible effect on U.S. industrial productivity growth. This paper addresses this paradox by stressing that defense procurement as well as federal R&D expenditures were targeted to a few narrowly defined manufacturing sub-sectors that produced high tech weaponry. Analysis employing data from the NBER Manufacturing Productivity Database and the BEA' s Input Output tables then demonstrates that defense procurement policies did have significant effects on the productivity performance of disaggregated manufacturing industries because of a process of procurement-driven technological change.<p />",
language="",
issn="1024-2694",
doi="10.1080/10430710108405002",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10430710108405002"
}