@article{ref1,
title="Terrorism in Spain: emergency medical aspects",
journal="Prehospital and disaster medicine",
year="2003",
author="García-Castrillo Riesgo, Luis and García Merino, Antonio",
volume="18",
number="2",
pages="148-151",
abstract="A terrorism movement has been active in Spain during the last 20 years, with a painful number of victims. Civil Defense is in charge of the coordination of all the structures that are implicated in a terrorist incident. There are three typical patterns of attacks: (1) individual attacks; (2) group attacks; and (3) mass attacks. The individual attacks are done with guns, usually 9 mm, fired from a short distance; victims die from serious intracranial damage. Collective attacks are done using explosives under vehicles, tramp bombs, or &quot;bomb vehicles;&quot; victims are of different severity with wounds, burns, and blast injuries. With mass attacks with &quot;bomb vehicles&quot; in buildings or crowded public places, the numbers of victims are elevated and produce brutal social consequences. Emergency Medical Services integrated in to &quot;Civil Defense&quot; try to minimize the damage by initializing treatment on-scene and with the rapid provision of definitive care. During the last year, post-traumatic stress disorder treatment groups have been providing care to the victims and personnel. Chemical or biological weapons have not been used, although this is a great concern to the authorities.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1049-023X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}