@article{ref1,
title="Negative Intergroup Contact Makes Group Memberships Salient: Explaining Why Intergroup Conflict Endures",
journal="Personality and social psychology bulletin",
year="2010",
author="Paolini, Stefania and Harwood, Jake and Rubin, Mark",
volume="36",
number="12",
pages="1723-1738",
abstract="Drawing from the intergroup contact model and self-categorization theory, the authors advanced the novel hypothesis of a valence-salience effect, whereby negative contact causes higher category salience than positive contact. As predicted, in a laboratory experiment of interethnic contact, White Australians (N = 49) made more frequent and earlier reference to ethnicity when describing their ethnic contact partner if she had displayed negative (vs. positive, neutral) nonverbal behavior. In a two-wave experimental study of retrieved intergenerational contact, American young adults (N = 240) reported age to be more salient during negative (vs. positive) contact and negative contact predicted increased episodic and chronic category salience over time. Some evidence for the reverse salience-valence effect was also found. Because category salience facilitates contact generalization, these results suggest that intergroup contact is potentially biased toward worsening intergroup relations; further implications for theory and policy making are discussed.<p />",
language="",
issn="0146-1672",
doi="10.1177/0146167210388667",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167210388667"
}