@article{ref1,
title="Psychological first aid rendered by laymen: 4-S rules of psychological first aid",
journal="Journal of traffic medicine",
year="1993",
author="Bourauel, R. and Friedel, B. and Gasch, B. and Lasogga, F.",
volume="21",
number="3",
pages="97-99",
abstract="First aid is not only medical first aid but psychological first aid as well. By being there, shielding the accident victim against onlookers, devoting one's entire attention to the injured person, light body contact, speaking calmly and listening, worries may be lightened, fears reduced, the psychological situation of the victim stabilized, the success of medical treatment improved and the likelihood of coping with the traumatic experience bettered. The 4-S-Rules for the psychological first aid read as follows: 1. Say clearly that you are here and help has been called! 2. Shield the injured person against onlookers! 3. Search for body contact, but carefully! 4. Speak and listen!<p />",
language="en",
issn="0345-5564",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}