@article{ref1,
title="Sex differences in 2D: 4D ratio, aggression and conflict resolution in African children and adolescents: a cross-cultural study",
journal="Journal of aggression, conflict and peace research",
year="2010",
author="Butovskaya, Marina and Burkova, Valentina and Mabulla, Audax",
volume="2",
number="1",
pages="17-31",
abstract="This study was conducted on children and adolescents from the three tribal cultures from Northern Tanzania: the Hadza, the Datoga and the Iraqw. The comparative data on aggression and conflict management skills were measured at Endomaga Boarding School, Lake Eyasi, Mangola in Northern Tanzania, in 2005-2006. The final sample included 219 children, ranging from 7 to 20 years of age. No sex differences were found in self-ratings or frequency of occurrence of physical, verbal and indirect aggression in Iraqw children and adolescents, or in self-ratings in Hadza. Hadza boys reported a higher occurrence of physical and indirect aggression during the previous week compared to girls. No differences between the sexes were found in constructive conflict resolution and third-party interventions practiced by Iraqw and Datoga children and self-ratings in Hadza. Hadza boys reported a higher frequency of constructive conflict resolution and third-party interventions compared to girls. Significant sexual dimorphism on the 2D:4D ratio was found for our African sample. A significant negative correlation between the right hand 2D:4D ratio and ratings on physical aggression was found for the girls. The girls with the lowest finger index estimated themselves as more verbally aggressive, compared to girls with a medium 2D:4D ratio.<p />",
language="",
issn="1759-6599",
doi="10.5042/jacpr.2010.0002",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5042/jacpr.2010.0002"
}